Fig. 1
ECM1 confers resistance toward Ttzm. a Cells were seeded with matrigel and treated with Ttzm (20 μg/mL) and rhECM1 (200 ng/mL). The numbers of colonies 20 μm or greater in diameter were counted at 12 days (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.005). b At 24 h after cell seeding, each cell line was treated with anti-ECM1 antibody (5 μg/mL) and Ttzm (20 μg/mL) in fresh medium. After a further 48 h, cell viability was analyzed using an MTT assay (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.0005). c BT-474 vector and ECM1 cells and BT-474 TR control shRNA and ECM1 shRNA cells were passaged in the mice by subcutaneous injection into the lower flank of each mouse. When the tumor size increased up to 250 mm3, Ttzm at 20 mg/kg was administered to each mouse by i.p. injection twice per week (n = 5 or 6 for each group). d Circulating levels of ECM1 in serum from Ttzm-resistant breast cancer patients were assessed by ELISA (left) and Western blot analysis, and compared with (right) corresponding data for Ttzm-responsive patients (*p < 0.05)