Fig. 2

Macrophages, T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and monocytes are all part of the intricate web of immune cells that surrounds tumour and impacts cancer development and outcome via their interactions with tumour cells. Important immune modifiers in the tumor environment are something called tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) (a). TDEs enhance the development of tumors by lowering and suppressing the level of immune cells cytotoxicity and activities in the microenvironment around tumor cells. They do this by transferring suppressive cargo to these cells (b)