Fig. 1
From: Factors associated with engraftment success of patient-derived xenografts of breast cancer
Artificial intelligence-assesed classification of patches. A. Adipose; B. Background; C. Necrosis; D. Ductal carcinoma in situ, classified as carcinoma; E. Lobular carcinoma in situ, classified as carcinoma; F. Invasive ductal carcinoma, classified as carcinoma; G. Invasive lobular carcinoma, classified as carcinoma; H. Stroma; I. Terminal ductal lobular unit; J. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes trained with a segmentation model. Left, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained slide, X100, original magnification. Middle, Cocktail immunohistochemistry (IHC) for identification of lymphocytes, X100, CD3, CD20, and CD79 cocktail IHC, original magnification. Right, red annotation indicating the area of cocktail IHC-stained lymphocytes in the H&E slides (annotated digitally processed image, original magnification, X100). K-L. Representative H&E from successful (K) and failed (L) PDX graft cases and their corresponding AI-model applied images. K. Abundant intratumoral necrosis and carcinoma proportions in the H&E are also highlighted in sky-blue and green in the AI-model applied image, respectively (right); L. Abundant intratumoral TILs, stroma, and TDLU identified in the H&E slide (left) are also highlighted in the AI-categorized image (right). M. algorithm applied to the carcinoma (left side) generated a tumor boundary (right side, yellow) encircling the carcinoma component (right side, green)