Mosquito control exposures and breast cancer risk: analysis of 1071 cases and 2096 controls from the Ghana Breast Health Study

Table 4 Association results of mosquito control methods alone or in combination with other products compared to clean referent with and without adjustment for other control products by estrogen receptor (ER) tumor receptor expression status

	Controls	ER-positive	ER-negative	ER-positive N = 390			p	ER-negative N = 380			p	p-het
	Controls	ER-positive	ER-negative	OR₁	95%	CI	p	OR₁	95%	CI	p	p-het
Use of clean referent group and insecticide exposures
Never reported use of any insecticide vector control product	191	23	30	Ref				Ref
Ever use insecticide-treated net only	218	35	51	1.35	0.75	2.41	0.31	1.41	0.85	2.35	0.19	0.90
Ever use repellent room spray only	131	44	35	2.41	1.36	4.29	0.003	1.59	0.91	2.78	0.10	0.25
Ever use repellent skin cream only	10	1	2	–
Ever use mosquito coil only	216	25	20	1.08	0.58	1.99	0.81	0.58	0.31	1.07	0.08	0.13

				OR₂	95%	CI	p	OR₂	95%	CI	p	p-het
Never reported use of any insecticide vector control product	191	23	30	Ref				Ref
Ever use any combination of insecticide-treated nets with other insecticide products	1175	214	216	1.40	0.83	2.36	0.20	1.04	0.64	1.67	0.88	0.36
Ever use any combination of repellent spray with other insecticide products	1101	257	242	1.79	1.37	2.33	2.00E−05	1.80	1.38	2.35	2.00E−05	0.97
Ever use any combination of repellent cream with other insecticide products	321	72	71	1.34	0.99	1.84	0.062	1.35	0.99	1.84	0.06	0.98
Ever use any combination of mosquito coil with other insecticide products	1344	238	223	0.95	0.74	1.24	0.724	0.77	0.59	1.00	0.05	0.19

OR₁ Polytomous logistic regression models were adjusted for age, education, study site, body size, family history of breast cancer, menopausal status, and age at menopause. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; ER, estrogen receptor; OR, odds ratio; p-het, p-heterogeneity test
OR₂ Polytomous logistic regression models were adjusted for age, education, study site, body size, family history of breast cancer, menopausal status, age at menopause, and all other mosquito control products. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; ER, estrogen receptor; OR, odds ratio; p-het, p-heterogeneity test

ISSN: 1465-542X