Fig. 1

Necroptosis promotes lung metastasis. a Representative image of H&E-stained tumors (upper panel) from 15-week WT (n = 13) and Mlkl KO (n = 10) MMTV-PyMT mice. Percent of tumor death area (lower panel) of total tumor from mice at 15 weeks. Scale bar, 2 mm. b Representative images of H&E and immunohistological stained tumor sections from 15-week WT (n = 13) and Mlkl KO (n = 10) MMTV-PyMT mice as in Fig. a, stained with phospho-MLKL (p-MLKL) or cleaved caspase-3 (cl.Casp-3) antibodies. Scale bar, 50 μm. Experiments were repeated three times. c Left panel shows the representative images of H&E-stained lung sections from 15-week WT (n = 13) and Mlkl KO (n = 10) MMTV-PyMT mice as in Fig. a. Scale bar, 2 mm. Middle panel shows the quantification of metastatic foci in lungs from 15-week WT (n = 13) and Mlkl KO (n = 10) MMTV-PyMT mice. Right panel shows the average size of metastatic foci in lungs. Data presented as the mean ± sem and p value was determined by two-tailed t test (a, c)