Hormonal determinants of mammographic density and density change

Gabrielson, Marike; Azam, Shadi; Hardell, Elina; Holm, Madeleine; Ubhayasekera, Kumari A.; Eriksson, Mikael; Bäcklund, Magnus; Bergquist, Jonas; Czene, Kamila; Hall, Per

doi:10.1186/s13058-020-01332-4

Breast Cancer Research

Table 2 Endogenous hormone determinants of mammographic density area at baseline and area change over time in all 1040 women, not currently using MHT

From: Hormonal determinants of mammographic density and density change

Determinants	Women, no.	Mammographic dense area		Mammographic dense area change
Determinants	Women, no.	Associations in baseline dense area, cm², β estimates (95% CI)*	P value^†	Associations in relative dense area change, cm²/year, β estimates (95% CI)**	P value^††
Progestogens
Pregnenolone	714	0.48 (− 0.97 to 1.93)	0.514	0.07 (− 0.16 to 0.31)	0.544
Progesterone	898	1.29 (0.57 to 2.01)	< 0.001	− 0.01 (− 0.13 to 0.11)	0.818
17OH-progesterone	903	1.09 (0.12 to 2.07)	0.028	0.07 (− 0.09 to 0.23)	0.368
Androgens
DHEA	764	− 0 .83 (− 2.15 to 0.50)	0.221	0.15 (− 0.07 to 0.37)	0.173
DHEAS	967	− 0.55 (− 2.38 to 1.29)	0.558	− 0.11 (− 0.41 to 0.18)	0.455
Androstenedione	813	− 0.11 (− 1.49 to 1.28)	0.878	0.34 (0.10 to 0.57)	0.005
Testosterone	825	0.11 (− 1.33 to 1.60)	0.877	0.35 (0.11 to 0.59)	0.004
Free testosterone	820	− 0.88 (− 2.14 to 0.38)	0.172	0.31 (0.10 to 0.51)	0.004
Androsterone	708	− 0.12 (− 1.31 to 1.07)	0.849	0.09 (− 0.11 to 0.29)	0.396
Etiocholanolone	651	− 1.15 (− 2.60 to 0.29)	0.118	0.02 (− 0.22 to 0.27)	0.853
Oestrogens
Oestrone	446	0.82 (− 0.35 to 1.98)	0.169	0.07 (− 0.14 to 0.28)	0.535
Oestrone sulphate	931	1.42 (0.10 to 2.73)	0.034	− 0.07 (− 0.28 to 0.15)	0.535
Corticoids
Corticosterone	909	0.05 (− 1.30 to 1.40)	0.944	− 0.09 (− 0.31 to 0.13)	0.425
Aldosterone	562	0.08 (− 1.85 to 2.01)	0.933	0.21 (− 0.10 to 0.53)	0.175
11-Deoxycortisol	860	− 1.33 (− 2.55 to − 0.11)	0.033	0.10 (− 0.10 to 0.30)	0.343
Cortisol	908	− 0.47 (− 3.20 to 2.27)	0.738	0.04 (− 0.41 to 0.48)	0.873
Cortisone	903	− 1.73 (− 3.84 to 0.39)	0.110	0.25 (− 0.09 to 0.60)	0.154
Peptide hormones
Prolactin	1028	2.11 (0.01 to 4.22)	0.049	0.15 (− 0.20 to 0.50)	0.401
SHBG	1028	4.18 (1.91 to 6.45)	< 0.001	− 0.10 (− 0.47 to 0.27)	0.599

BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEAS dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, MET metabolic equivalent of task, MHT menopausal hormone therapy, SHBG sex hormone-binding globulin
*Adjusted model: age and BMI at baseline, time of day of blood draw and plasma sample plate number
^†P value is for baseline dense area (cm²) at blood collection as a dependent continuous variable by hormones (continuous, natural log-transformed)
**Adjusted model: age, BMI, physical activity (MET-h/d) at baseline, time of day of blood draw and plasma sample plate number
^††P value is for the dense area change (cm²/year) as a dependent continuous variable by hormones (continuous, natural log-transformed)

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