Table 1 Patient and tumor characteristics by self-identified race
From: Insulin resistance contributes to racial disparities in breast cancer prognosis in US women
| Â | Total | White | Black | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N(%) | 515 (100%) | 428 (83%) | 87 (17%) | Â |
Age, mean (SD) | 58.3 (12.4) | 58.3 (12.3) | 58.1 (13.2) | 0.9 |
Metabolic characteristics | ||||
 BMI, mean (kg/m2) | 27.1 (6.4) | 26.3 (5.9) | 31.2 (6.8) | < .0001 |
 Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) | 120 (24%) | 79 (19%) | 41 (47%) | < .0001 |
 Abdominal obesity (WC > 88 cm) | 332 (72%) | 250 (67%) | 82 (96%) | < .0001 |
 Metabolic syndrome | 120 (23%) | 85 (20%) | 35 (40%) | < .0001 |
Comorbidities | ||||
 Charlson Comorbidity Index (≥ 1) | 284 (55%) | 225 (53%) | 59 (68%) | 0.01 |
Tumor characteristics | ||||
 Tumor size, cm | 1.5 (1.2) | 1.5 (1.2) | 1.7 (1.2) | 0.2 |
 Stage |  |  |  | 0.05 |
  I | 327 (64%) | 281 (66%) | 46 (53%) |  |
  II | 169 (33%) | 133 (31%) | 36 (41%) |  |
  III | 19 (4%) | 14 (3%) | 5 (6%) |  |
 Insulin resistant (HOMA-IR >  2.8) | 57 (11%) | 42 (10%) | 15 (17%) | 0.04 |
 NPI > 4.4 | 87 (17%) | 63 (15%) | 24 (28%) | 0.004 |
 iNPI >5.4 | 17 (3%) | 9 (2%) | 8 (9%) | 0.001 |
Tumor hormone receptor status | ||||
 Estrogen receptor positive | 433 (88%) | 371 (91%) | 62 (77%) | 0.0003 |
 Progesterone receptor positive | 405 (83%) | 346 (85%) | 59 (73%) | 0.01 |
 Her2 positive | 31 (6%) | 25 (6%) | 6 (8%) | 0.65 |
 Triple negative | 38 (8%) | 28 (6%) | 13 (16%) | 0.01 |
Screening behavior | ||||
 Mammogram ≥ 2 years before diagnosis | 108 (22%) | 91 (22%) | 17 (20%) | 0.6 |
Lifestyle factors | ||||
 Smoking: never smoker | 265 (54%) | 211 (52%) | 54 (64%) | 0.04 |
 Alcohol: > 2 drinks/week | 122 (25%) | 118 (29%) | 4 (5%) | < .0001 |
 Diet: very good/excellent diet | 264 (54%) | 239 (59%) | 25 (30%) | < .0001 |
 Physical activity: sedentary | 236 (49%) | 184 (47%) | 52 (60%) | 0.02 |
Socioeconomic factors | ||||
 Education: < college education | 85 (18%) | 54 (14%) | 31 (38%) | < .0001 |
 Income: < $75,000/year | 70 (40%) | 43 (31%) | 27 (75%) | < .0001 |
 Insurance: commercial insurance | 436 (89%) | 364 (90%) | 72 (84%) | 0.1 |