Fig. 10

Epigenetic modification regulates the expression of CGRRF1. a CGRRF1 is significantly decreased at the transcript levels in breast tumor samples (T) as compared to matched normal breast tissues (N) (data extracted from TCGAportal, TCGA BRCA, n = 76 pairs). b CGRRF1 promoter methylation increased in tumor samples (T) as compared to matched normal breast tissue (N) (data extracted from TCGAportal, TCGA BRCA, n = 76 pairs). c An inverse correlation between CGRRF1 mRNA levels and CGRRF1 promoter methylation (chr14:54509516) in breast tumor tissues (T), but not in normal breast (N) (data extracted from TCGAportal, TCGA BRCA, n = 76 pairs). The black line (regression line) represents the correlation of tumor tissues. “r” represents the Pearson correlation coefficient. d An inverse correlation between CGRRF1 mRNA levels and CGRRF1 promoter methylation (HM450, cg18492804) in TCGA breast carcinoma cohort (data extracted from UCSC Xena, TCGA breast cancer (BRCA), n = 888). e, f Treatment of 5-azacitidine (72 h) induced CGRRF1 mRNA (e) and protein (f) expression in a panel of breast cancer cell lines. g, h Panobinostat treatment for 24 h induced CGRRF1 transcripts (g) and proteins (h) in a panel of breast cancer cell lines. The expression of CGRRF1 mRNA was measured by qRT-PCR, and the protein level was measured by western blot. Histone H4 K16 acetylation was measured to serve as a positive control for panobinostat treatment. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001