Fig. 2

Invasive ductal carcinoma, grade 2, in a 47-year-old patient undergoing preoperative MRI. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), axial views (a–c). The images show a hypointense area of restricted diffusion in the central part of the right breast. Examples of the three methods used to measure the ADC values: a whole tumor delineation, b darkest part of the tumor delineation, and c point tumor delineation. The three regions of interest show low ADC values < 1.3 × 10⁻³ mm²/s indicating that the enhancement is highly suspicious of malignancy (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 5)