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Table 2 Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of breast cancer risk comparing regular medication users with non-regular users in the Prospective Family Study Cohort

From: Regular use of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and breast cancer risk for women at familial or genetic risk: a cohort study

 

Number of events

Person-years

Model 1a

Model 2b

Model 3c

Model 4d

Medication

HR (95% CI)

HR (95% CI)

HR (95% CI)

HR (95% CI)

Aspirin-based medications

 Prospective cohorte

  Non-regular user

124

23,545

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

  Regular user

15

4378

0.57 (0.32, 1.00)

0.56 (0.32, 1.00)

0.55 (0.29, 1.06)

0.61 (0.33, 1.14)

 Combined cohortf

  Non-regular user

1838

236,452

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

  Regular user

503

71,610

0.57 (0.51, 0.63)

0.57 (0.51, 0.63)

0.60 (0.54, 0.67)

0.63 (0.57, 0.71)

COX-2 inhibitors

 Prospective cohorte

  Non-regular user

133

25,203

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

  Regular user

6

2519

0.39 (0.17, 0.90)

0.38 (0.16, 0.88)

0.37 (0.14, 0.94)

0.39 (0.15, 0.97)

 Combined cohortf

  Non-regular user

2236

274,964

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

  Regular user

66

29,076

0.25 (0.20, 0.32)

0.26 (0.20, 0.33)

0.28 (0.22, 0.36)

0.29 (0.23, 0.38)

Ibuprofen and other NSAIDsg

 Prospective cohorte

  Non-regular user

116

23,081

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

  Regular user

22

4645

0.93 (0.57, 1.52)

0.94 (0.57, 1.54)

1.04 (0.61, 1.76)

1.24 (0.72, 2.12)

 Combined cohortf

  Non-regular user

1836

248,675

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

  Regular user

459

55,695

0.79 (0.71, 0.88)

0.80 (0.72, 0.89)

0.84 (0.76, 0.94)

0.93 (0.83, 1.04)

Ibuprofen-based medicationsh

 Prospective cohorte

  Non-regular user

39

8170

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

  Regular user

11

2888

0.68 (0.34, 1.37)

0.69 (0.35, 1.39)

0.84 (0.42, 1.69)

0.99 (0.49, 2.01)

 Combined cohortf

  Non-regular user

1685

134,961

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

  Regular user

439

42,044

0.77 (0.61, 0.96)

0.74 (0.59, 0.94)

0.81 (0.64, 1.02)

0.83 (0.65, 1.05)

Acetaminophen-based medications

 Prospective cohorte

  Non-regular user

116

23,415

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

  Regular user

23

4370

0.96 (0.61, 1.53)

1.00 (0.63, 1.60)

0.86 (0.49, 1.49)

0.96 (0.55, 1.65)

 Combined cohortf

  Non-regular user

1985

250,745

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

  Regular user

318

54,649

0.82 (0.73, 0.93)

0.82 (0.73, 0.93)

0.83 (0.73, 0.95)

0.98 (0.85, 1.12)

  1. aModel 1 is adjusted for race/ethnicity, study center, and baseline age; stratified by birth cohort
  2. bModel 2 is further adjusted for familial risk profile
  3. cModel 3 is further adjusted for cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, hormone therapy use, and hormonal birth control use
  4. dModel 4 is further adjusted for regular use of the other types of medication. For example, the Model 4 estimates for regular aspirin use are adjusted for regular use of COX-2 inhibitors, ibuprofen and other NSAIDs, and acetaminophen
  5. eIncludes women with no personal history of breast cancer when regular medication use was asked by questionnaire (N = 5606)
  6. fIncludes retrospective breast cancer cases (diagnosed prior to baseline and/or follow-up questionnaire) and prospective breast cancer cases (diagnosed after follow-up questionnaire) (N = 8233)
  7. gNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
  8. hkConFab participants are excluded from these models because they were only asked about regular use of other NSAIDs, including ibuprofen, but not about ibuprofen specifically
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Breast Cancer Research

ISSN: 1465-542X

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