Fig. 4

a Fasting serum glucose levels were measured after an overnight fast at time of enrollment. Obesity was associated with elevated fasting serum glucose levels relative to high-fat diet (HFD)-Lean and low-fat diet (LFD) mice (140.0 ± 24.7 mg/dl vs. 124.1 ± 19.8 mg/dl vs. 123.3 ± 18.9 mg/dl, respectively; p < 0.001; n = 50/arm). b Glucose values during 2-h intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IP-GTT). c Quantification of 2-h IP-GTT assay using the AUC of serum glucose levels as a function of time. HFD-Obese mice had significantly higher serum glucose levels following a glucose load, relative to HFD-Lean and LFD mice (30,500.4 ± 7437.7 mg/dl/minute vs. 19,798.4 ± 5419.4 mg/dl/minute vs. 16,557.1 ± 6517.3 mg/dl/minute, respectively; p < 0.001; n = 50/arm). d Fasting serum insulin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a subset of mice (n = 10/arm) at time of enrollment. HFD-Obese mice exhibited hyperinsulinemia relative to HFD-Lean and LFD mice (519.9 ± 366.1 ng/ml vs. 168.3 ± 106.8 ng/ml vs. 405.6 ± 257.3 ng/ml, respectively; p = 0.028). Dot plots show mean data. Error bars represent the SEM. **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001