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Table 1 Major genetic features of atypical ductal hyperplasia

From: Atypical ductal hyperplasia: update on diagnosis, management, and molecular landscape

Methoda

Number of samples

Number of loci or genomic resolution

Cases with aberration

Average cases altered per locus

Location of copy number gaina

Location of copy number loss/LOH/AIa

SNVa

Reference

LOH

10P

2

50%

38.9%

NA

16q, 17p

NA

[43]

LOH

26P

25S

15

42%P

44%S

6.2%

9.5%

NA

11p, 13q, 16q, 17p, 17q

NA

[45]

LOH

23S

14

NA

15%

NA

8p,16q,17q

NA

[79]

LOH

16S

22

75%

13%

NA

1q, 3p, 11p, 11q, 16q, 17p

NA

[44]

LOH

31P

26

65%

6.1%

NA

8q

NA

[67]

LOH total

131 (67P, 64S)

2–26

53%P, 70%S

15%

NA

16q (24%), 13q (15%), 17q (12%), 11p (12%), 17p (10%)

NA

 

CGH

9P

5–10 Mb

55%

NA

1q, 16p, 11q

16q, 17p, 20p

NA

[80]

CGH

2P

5–10 Mb

100%

NA

1q, 3p, 6p, 10p, 11q, 12q, 13q, 16p, 17q, 20q, 8q, 14q, 15q

4q, 5q, 1p, 13q, 16q, 17p

NA

[55]

CGH

3S

5–10 Mb

100%

NA

3p, 8q, 15q, 16p, 20q, 22q

13q, 16q

NA

[56]

CGH

15P

5–10 Mb

93%

NA

1p, 1q, 2q, 8q, 10p, 17q, 20q, 20p, 2q, Xp

8p, 9p, 11q, 13q, 14q, 16q, 21q, Xp

NA

[54]

CGH total

29

 

80%P, 100%S

NA

8q, 20q, 16p, 17q, 1q

16q, 13q, 17p, 8p

NA

 

Targeted sequencing

4

130–296 SNV/case

100%

NA

NA

NA

Lineage heterogeneity

[58]

WGS

2

1 base pair

100%

NA

1q gain early neoplastic event

–

ADH and carcinoma shared SNVs

[57]

FISHP

9

8

100%

45.6%

7, 8, 18

–

–

[51]

FISHS

13

1

54%

NA

Higher ERBB2 amplification from ADH to DCIS to IDC

NA

NA

[65]

  1. aLOH loss of heterozygosity, AI allelic imbalance, CGH comparative genomic hybridization, SNV single nucleotide variant, WGS whole-genome sequencing, FISH fluorescence in situ hybridization, NA not available or not applicable. Gains are considered when chromosomal imbalance is > 1.25 and losses are considered when it is < 0.8 of the normal allelic ratio. AI is considered when the imbalance is > 1.33 or < 0.75 of the normal allelic ratio. Any gains or losses are reported when changes occurred in at least one sample of the cohort. P = pure ADH (no synchronous carcinoma), S = ADH with synchronous carcinoma