| Baseline geometric mean | Geometric mean at 16 wk | Change at 16 wk, % | TERa (95 % CI), intervention vs control | P value* | TERa (95 % CI), mainly exercise vs diet | P value** | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oestradiol (pg/ml) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
 | Control | 3.89 | 4.01 | 3.11 |  |  |  |  |
 | Diet | 4.20 | 3.62 | −13.8 | 0.86 (0.75–0.98) | 0.025 |  |  |
 | Mainly exercise | 3.69 | 3.22 | −12.7 | 0.83 (0.73–0.95) | 0.007 | 0.97 (0.87–1.08) | 0.562 |
Oestrone (pg/ml) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
 | Control | 20.1 | 20.4 | 1.51 |  |  |  |  |
 | Diet | 20.4 | 20.1 | −1.26 | 0.98 (0.88–1.08) | 0.650 |  |  |
 | Mainly exercise | 19.9 | 18.5 | −6.67 | 0.92 (0.82–1.02) | 0.109 | 0.94 (0.86–1.02) | 0.154 |
Free oestradiol (pg/ml) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
 | Control | 0.09 | 0.10 | 3.23 |  |  |  |  |
 | Diet | 0.10 | 0.08 | −17.7 | 0.80 (0.70–0.92) | 0.002 |  |  |
 | Mainly exercise | 0.09 | 0.07 | −19.1 | 0.77 (0.67–0.88) | <0.001 | 0.96 (0.85–1.07) | 0.425 |
Testosterone (pg/ml) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
 | Control | 194 | 186 | −4.07 |  |  |  |  |
 | Diet | 197 | 189 | −3.76 | 1.01 (0.92–1.10) | 0.886 |  |  |
 | Mainly exercise | 186 | 172 | −7.63 | 0.96 (0.87–1.05) | 0.332 | 0.95 (0.88–1.02) | 0.166 |
Androstenedione (pg/ml) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
 | Control | 575 | 560 | −2.60 |  |  |  |  |
 | Diet | 562 | 537 | −4.50 | 0.97 (0.85–1.12) | 0.684 |  |  |
 | Mainly exercise | 573 | 488 | −14.7 | 0.87 (0.76–1.00) | 0.059 | 0.90 (0.80–1.01) | 0.064 |
Free testosterone (pg/ml) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
 | Control | 2.71 | 2.61 | −3.90 |  |  |  |  |
 | Diet | 2.53 | 2.25 | −11.2 | 0.91 (0.83–1.01) | 0.069 |  |  |
 | Mainly exercise | 2.44 | 2.01 | −17.7 | 0.84 (0.76–0.93) | 0.001 | 0.92 (0.85–0.99) | 0.043 |
SHBG (nmol/L) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
 | Control | 44.2 | 44.0 | −0.30 |  |  |  |  |
 | Diet | 50.7 | 57.1 | 12.6 | 1.14 (1.07–1.23) | <0.001 |  |  |
 | Mainly exercise | 49.3 | 58.6 | 19.0 | 1.21 (1.12–1.30) | <0.001 | 1.05 (1.00–1.12) | 0.070 |