Induction by transforming growth factor-β1 of epithelial to mesenchymal transition is a rare event in vitro

Breast Cancer Research

Table 3 Summary of transforming growth factor-β1-mediated Smad signaling and effect on S-phase in vitro

	TGF-β1-mediated response^a
				S-phase (% of control ± standard error)
Cell strain	Increase in phosphorylated Smad2^b	Decrease in total Smad2^c	Decrease in total Smad3^c	[³H]T^d	Flow^e
HEK	+	-	-	2 ± 0.3	72 ± 9
HaCaT	+	+	+	50 ± 4	86 ± 11
SCC012	+	+	+	63 ± 2	89 ± 2
SCCO28	+	-	+	95 ± 1	105 ± 3
UNC10	+	+	+	82 ± 5	96 ± 1
HMEC 1012	+	-	+	13 ± 6	47 ± 6
HMEC 1016	-*	-	+	35 ± 0.4	70 ± 2
HBL100	-*	-	-	87 ± 5	103 ± 3
MCF10A	-*	-	-	46 ± 5	78 ± 8
BT549	+	+	+	74 ± 3	N/A^g
MCF7	-	-	-	59 ± 3	81 ± 4
MDA-MB-231	+	+	+	60 ± 1	83 ± 0.1
MDA-MB-361	-	+	-	95 ± 3	98 ± 2
MDA-MB-435S	-	+	-	95 ± 4	96 ± 3
MDA-MB-436	-*	-	+	99 ± 1	98 ± 8
MDA-MB-468	+	-	-	96 ± 4	98 ± 1
A549	+	-	+	72 ± 4	96 ± 9
H1299	-*	+	-	101 ± 4	107 ± 3
Colo357	+	+	-^f	82 ± 7	69 ± 5
Panc-1	+	-	-	92 ± 4	95 ± 6
DU145	+	-	-	68 ± 4	83 ± 8
MK	-*	-	-	19 ± 2	38 ± 7
KC	+	-	-	11 ± 3	27 ± 4
NMuMG	+	+	-	8 ± 1	17 ± 1
EpH4	+	+	+	55 ± 0.4	84 ± 4
4T1	+	+	+	80 ± 6	91 ± 1
MCT	-*	+	-	24 ± 3	87 ± 8

^aTreatment with 5 ng/ml transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 for 48 hours. ^bSimilar results obtained after 2 hours TGF-β1 treatment except those designated by an asterisk (detected increased phosphorylated Smad2 after 2 hours of TGF-β1 treatment). ^cNo decrease in total Smad2 or total Smad3 was detected after 2 hours of TGF-β1 treatment. ^d [³H]Thymidine ([³H]T) experiments performed at least three times with 6–12 replicates. Results are presented as the average percent of control of three independent experiments. ^eFlow cytometry experiments performed at least three times in triplicate. Results are presented as the average percent of control of three independent experiments. ^fAn increase in total Smad3 was observed in Colo357 cells 48 hours after TGF-β1 treatment. ^gAccurate flow cytometry analysis could not be performed on BT549 cells because multiple populations of cells were present in the culture. Cellular responses to TGF-β1 designated as + (positive response) or - (negative response). HEK, human epidermal keratinocyte; HMEC, human mammary epithelial cell; KC, mouse keratinocytes transformed with K-ras; MK, mouse keratinocyte.

ISSN: 1465-542X