Figure 1

TGFβ induces cyclin D1 expression in highly migratory breast cancer cells. (A) MDA and SCP2 cells were stimulated with or without 5 ng/ml transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) for the indicated times. Total cell lysates were subjected to immunoblot using cyclin D1, cyclin D2, cyclin A, cyclin B1, p21, p-Smad2, p-Smad3 and β-tubulin antibodies. Densitometry analysis of cyclin D1 protein expression was performed on four separate independent experiments (right panel). (B and C) cyclin D1 mRNA levels were measured by real-time PCR (error bars indicate SEM; n = 3 independent experiments) for the indicated cell lines.