Progranulin (GP88) tumor tissue expression is associated with increased risk of recurrence in breast cancer patients diagnosed with estrogen receptor positive invasive ductal carcinoma

Table 5 Impact of GP88 and other clinical risk factors on diease-free survival.

Covariate	Univariate			GP88 adjusted for covariate
	HR	CI	P- value	P -value	HR	CI	Interaction P -value
GP88 (3+ vs. < 3+)	5.93	3.23 to 10.7	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	5.93	3.29 to 10.68	-
Ethnicity (Caucasian vs. non-Caucasian)	2.32	1.17 to 4.58	0.0251	< 0.0001	5.90	3.26 to 10.67	0.09
Tumor size (> 2 cm vs. ≤ 2 cm)	1.85	1.23 to 2.78	0.0052	< 0.0001	5.41	2.97 to 9.87	0.03
Tumor size (> 5 cm vs. ≤ 5 cm)	3.09	1.37 to 6.96	0.0167
Grade (> 1 vs. ≤ 1)	1.68	0.23 to 12.2	0.5757	< 0.0001	5.86	3.18 to 10.78	0.25
Grade (> 2 vs. ≤ 2)	1.36	0.74 to 2.51	0.3124
Stage (> 1 vs. ≤ 1)	2.56	1.14 to 5.75	0.0116	< 0.0001	4.85	2.66 to 8.87	0.89
Stage (> 2 vs. ≤ 2)	4.67	2.48 to 8.77	< 0.0001
Nodal status (Pos. vs. Neg.)	2.12	1.11 to 4.05	0.0177	< 0.0001	5.60	3.09 to 10.14	0.40
Age (> 50 yrs vs. ≤ 50 yrs)	0.73	0.40 to 1.34	0.3179	< 0.0001	5.96	3.30 to 10.74	0.83
PR (Pos. vs. Neg.)	1.04	0.52 to 2.08	0.9029	< 0.0001	6.53	3.52 to 12.10	0.49
Adjuvant endocrine therapy (Pos. vs. Neg.)	1.66	0.80 to 3.45	0.1542	< 0.0001	5.89	3.27 to 10.62	0.58
Adjuvant chemotherapy (Pos vs. Neg.)	4.33	2.08 to 9.04	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	4.78	2.63 to 8.70	0.52
Adjuvant radiotherapy (Pos. vs. Neg.)	10.20	5.54 to 19.1	< 0.0001	0.0002	3.29	1.75 to 6.19	0.09

CPH analysis was used to examine the impact of GP88 score and other individual clinical risk factors on DFS.
CI, 95% confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; PR, progesterone receptor. In adjusted analysis, the successive columns provide the HR of elevated GP88 adjusted for each indicator with its P-value and 95% CI and the P-value of the analysis of deviance test statistics for interaction between GP88 and that indicator.

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