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Figure 5 | Breast Cancer Research

Figure 5

From: A novel approach for the generation of genetically modified mammary epithelial cell cultures yields new insights into TGFβ signaling in the mammary gland

Figure 5

Smad2 and Smad3 are differentially required for different TGFβ-mediated biological responses. Immortalized mammary epithelial cells (IMECs) of different Smad genotypes were shifted to nonpermissive temperatures and then assessed for their ability to respond to varying concentrations of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) in the following biological assays as described in Materials and methods: (a) growth inhibition, (b) apoptosis, (c) migration, and (d) invasion. For the growth inhibition and assays, all data are normalized to the control condition (no added TGFβ) for the respective genotype group. For migration and invasion, data are normalized to the wildtype (WT) IMECs, no added TGFβ control condition. LacZ indicates Smad2fl/fl cells that have been exposed to the LacZ control adenovirus and therefore have a wildtype complement of Smad2 and Smad3. Data are the mean ± standard deviation of three determinations. All experiments were repeated at least twice with essentially the same results. (a, b) *P < 0.05 for the difference between the indicated Smad genotype and wildtype control. (c, d) *P < 0.05 for the difference between specified pairwise comparisons.

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Breast Cancer Research

ISSN: 1465-542X

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