Fig. 1

GREM2 expression is increased in adipocytes in which adipogenesis is inhibited by adipogenic inhibitors. A–C 3T3-L1 cells were cultured to confluence and differentiated using the standard induction cocktail with EGCG (10 or 50 μM) or metformin (5 or 10 mM) for 9 days. The effect of EGCG or metformin on lipid accumulation was measured by Oil red O staining (A). The bar graph represents relative lipid accumulation. Two-sided t-test. ***, p < 0.001, ns, not significant (B). On the 9th day of differentiation, proteins were isolated from adipocytes and the lysates were immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies (C). D The bar graphs represent relative band intensity. V: vehicle, E: EGCG, M: metformin. Two-sided t-test. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001. E The correlation between GREM2 and adipogenic regulators in GTEx human breast tissues was investigated by using the web GEPIA. Correlation analysis was conducted using Spearman rank test