Relationships between mammographic density, tissue microvessel density, and breast biopsy diagnosis

Breast Cancer Research

Table 2 Age- and body mass index (BMI)-adjusted linear regression results for the association between participant characteristics and microvessel density (MVD), overall and by case status

	All women		Non-cases		Cases
	N = 218		n = 174		n = 44
Characteristics	β^a	p	β^a	p	β^a	p	P heterogeneity^b
Age (years)		0.009		0.01		0.46	0.63
45 to 49	-0.03		-0.03		0.01
50 to 54	-0.07		-0.07		-0.07
55 to 59	-0.08		-0.11		-0.03
60 to 65	-0.10		-0.09		-0.12
BMI (kg/m²)		0.09		0.02		0.87	0.24
25– < 30	-0.009		-0.01		0.02
≥ 30	-0.05		-0.07		0.03
Age at menarche (years)		0.53		0.77		0.49	0.68
13	0.02		0.01		0.05
≥ 14	0.02		0.01		0.07
Oral contraceptive use		0.81		0.68		0.62	0.44
Ever	-0.01		-0.01		0.03
Parity		0.52		0.89		0.04	0.02
1	-0.01		-0.02		0.03
2	-0.01		-0.01		-0.01
≥ 3	0.02		-0.01		0.16
Age at first birth (years)		0.33		0.29		0.98	0.83
Nulliparous or ≥ 30	0.02		0.02		0.00
Menopausal status		0.14		0.43		0.25	0.99
Postmenopausal	-0.04		-0.02		-0.09
Age at menopause (years)		0.08		0.11		0.68	0.92
< 45	-0.10		-0.09		-0.02
45–49	-0.003		0.02		-0.11
≥ 50	-0.06		-0.05		0.08
Menopausal hormone therapy		0.73		0.66		0.52	0.75
Ever	0.01		-0.01		0.03
Family history of breast cancer		0.76		0.87		0.76	0.92
Yes	-0.01		-0.003		-0.02

Non-cases: non-proliferative benign breast disease, proliferative (ductal hyperplasia; sclerosing adenosis), proliferative with atypia (atypical ductal or lobular hyperplasia). Cases: ductal or lobular carcinoma in situ and invasive cancer.
^aBased on linear regression with the Box-Cox-transformed average MVD (within a woman) as the outcomeand adjusted for age at biopsy (39–44, 45–49, 50–54, 55–59, 60–65 years) and BMI (<25, 25– < 30, 30+ kg/m²)
^b P heterogeneity based on a Wald test in the regression model corresponding to an interaction term between case status and the corresponding variable

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