| Observation | |
---|---|---|
Tissue | αERKO | βERKO |
Testis | Progressive dilation and degradation of tubules, low | Normal structure, normal sperm count and fertility |
 | sperm count, nonfunctional sperm |  |
Uterus | Immature, unresponsive to estradiol | Normal development and response to estrogen |
Ovary | Enlarged, hemorrhagic cysts, follicles arrested at | Subfertile, infrequent and inefficient ovulation; normal |
 | preantral stage, no corpora lutea, no ovulation, elevated | estrogen and T |
 | serum estrogen and T levels |  |
Mammary, female | Ducts do not develop beyond epithelial rudiment at | Normal, fully functional. Able to nurse offspring |
 | nipple, no alveolar development |  |
Pituitary | FSHβ, LHβ, αGSU, mRNAs all elevated, prolactin | Normal serum gonadotropin levels |
 | mRNA reduced |  |
Cardiovascular (male) | Lower basal nitric oxide, estrogen protection in vascular | ? |
 | injury not lost. Increase in calcium channels, delayed |  |
 | cardiac depolarization |  |
Bone | Shorter; female, smaller diameter; male, lower density | Normal |
Brain | Male, no intromission, ejaculation decreased agression; | Normal sexual behavior |
 | female, no receptive behaviors |  |