Table 1 Description of common abbreviations used in apoptosis and signal transduction
From: Estrogen regulation of apoptosis: how can one hormone stimulate and inhibit?
Abbreviation | Meaning | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|
Bad | Bcl-2/Bcl-X L -associated death domain protein | BH3-only member of the Bcl-2 family |
Bak | Bcl-2 homologous antagonist-killer protein | Multi-BH domain pro-apoptosis protein |
Bax | Bcl-2-associated X protein | Multi-BH domain pro-apoptosis protein |
Bcl-2 | B-cell lymphoma-2 | Defining member of the family; originally characterized as an oncogene |
Bcl-X L | Bcl-2-related gene, long form | Bcl-XS is a shorter splice variant that is pro-apoptotic |
Bim | Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death | BH3-only member of the Bcl-2 family |
IκB | Inhibitor of NF-κB | Interacts with NF-κB |
IKK | IκB kinase | Phosphorylates IκB to promote its degradation |
MDM2 | Murine double minute | Negative regulator of the p53 tumor suppressor |
NF-κB | Nuclear factor-kappa type B | Originally linked with enhancement of immunoglobulin kappa light-chain gene |
p53 | 53 kDa protein | Tumor-suppressor protein |
PDK-1 | 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 | Master kinase that is crucial for the activation of Akt/PKB |
PI3K | Phosphoinositide 3-kinase | Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PI 3-kinase; PtdIns3K |
PKB | Protein kinase B | Akt; RACK (related to A and C kinase); has PH domain |
PMAIP-1/Noxa | Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 | BH3-only member of the Bcl-2 family and candidate mediator of p53-induced apoptosis |
PUMA | p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis | BH3-only member of the Bcl-2 family |