Table 3 Adjusted least square mean TDLU measurements in 247 adjacent normal tissues* by participant characteristics
Variable | Luminal A (n = 174) | Triple Negative (n = 73) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Measures of TDLU Involution | Measures of TDLU Involution | |||||||||||
TDLU count/100mm2 | Median TDLU span (microns) | Median number of acini/TDLU | TDLU count/100mm2 | Median TDLU span (microns) | Median number of acini/TDLU | |||||||
Mean (CI) | p value^ | Mean (CI) | p value | Mean (CI) | p value | Mean (CI) | p value | Mean (CI) | p value | Mean (CI) | p value | |
Age at diagnosis | ||||||||||||
≤ 55 | 23.7 (19.1, 28.3) | 634.2 (585.6, 682.9) | 24.6 (21.1, 28.2) | 25.5 (19.3, 31.6) | 612.6 (555.2, 670) | 20.8 (16.5, 25.1) | ||||||
> 55 | 10.5 (5.2, 15.8) | < 0.01 | 447.6 (390.4, 504.7) | < 0.01 | 13.4 (9.2, 17.6) | < 0.01 | 22.2 (11.9, 32.4) | 0.58 | 629.6 (535.2, 724) | 0.75 | 23.2 (16, 30.3) | 0.57 |
Smoking** | ||||||||||||
Never | 19.8 (15.3, 24.3) | 568.6 (521.4, 615.8) | 21.8 (18.4, 25.3) | 24.1 (16.7, 31.5) | 632.5 (562.5, 702.6) | 23 (17.8, 28.3) | ||||||
Former | 14 (7.6, 20.5) | 538.6 (470.4, 606.8) | 16.5 (11.4, 21.5) | 20.2 (10.2, 30.2) | 620.3 (526.6, 714.1) | 20.6 (13.6, 27.7) | ||||||
Current | 11.1 (0.8, 21.3) | 0.12 | 415.5 (308.7, 522.2) | < 0.01 | 10.7 (2.8, 18.6) | 0.01 | 41.4 (20.5, 62.2) | 0.11 | 567.3 (371.3, 763.2) | 0.52 | 23.9 (9.2, 38.5) | 0.91 |
BMI (kg/m2)** | ||||||||||||
< 25 | 18.1 (11.2, 24.9) | 603.1 (531.2, 674.9) | 24.2 (18.9, 29.5) | 29.8 (18.4, 41.1) | 700.6 (595.6, 805.5) | 29.9 (22, 37.8) | ||||||
25–29 | 16.9 (10.2, 23.6) | 510.2 (439.8, 580.6) | 18.6 (13.4, 23.7) | 26.5 (18.4, 34.6) | 599 (524.2, 673.8) | 19.9 (14.3, 25.5) | ||||||
≥ 30 | 16.4 (11.5, 21.2) | 0.68 | 509.4 (456.7, 562.1) | 0.04 | 14.2 (10.3, 18.1) | < 0.01 | 15.1 (5.6, 24.5) | 0.04 | 563.7 (475.3, 652.2) | 0.04 | 16.1 (9.5, 22.8) | < 0.01 |
Age at menarche** | ||||||||||||
< 12 | 18.3 (11.7, 24.9) | 511.2 (441.8, 580.5) | 20.7 (15.6, 25.9) | 31.4 (22.3, 40.5) | 677.8 (591.6, 763.9) | 26.5 (20.1, 33) | ||||||
12–13 | 17.4 (12.9, 21.8) | 559.3 (511.7, 606.8) | 18.3 (14.8, 21.8) | 19.4 (10.9, 27.8) | 609.3 (530.5, 688.1) | 21.8 (15.9, 27.7) | ||||||
≥ 14 | 11.9 (1, 22.8) | 0.31 | 509.4 (394, 624.7) | 0.98 | 18.5 (10, 27.1) | 0.66 | 19.9 (5.3, 34.4) | 0.09 | 548.3 (411.8, 684.9) | 0.13 | 14.5 (4.3, 24.7) | 0.06 |
Parity | ||||||||||||
Nulliparous | 7.8 (-0.2, 15.8) | 490.5 (398, 583) | 18 (11.1, 24.8) | 18.3 (3.6, 33.1) | 557.8 (421.8, 693.8) | 21.4 (11.1, 31.7) | ||||||
Parous | 19.1 (15.2, 22.9) | 0.01 | 550.1 (509.1, 591) | 0.24 | 19.2 (16.2, 22.2) | 0.74 | 25 (18.2, 31.7) | 0.41 | 634.6 (572.5, 696.7) | 0.31 | 22.1 (17.4, 26.8) | 0.91 |
Live births** | ||||||||||||
1 | 21.2 (14.3, 28.1) | 563 (489.7, 636.2) | 23 (17.6, 28.4) | 33.8 (22.1, 45.6) | 643.6 (530.6, 756.6) | 24.3 (15.7, 32.9) | ||||||
2 | 16.2 (10, 22.4) | 516.1 (450.7, 581.5) | 17.7 (12.9, 22.5) | 23.8 (15.4, 32.1) | 652.1 (573.8, 730.3) | 22.5 (16.6, 28.5) | ||||||
3+ | 20.4 (13.8, 26.9) | 0.90 | 577.5 (507.2, 647.8) | 0.72 | 17.5 (12.3, 22.6) | 0.14 | 19 (6.1, 31.9) | 0.08 | 578.7 (457.4, 700.1) | 0.36 | 18.8 (9.5, 28) | 0.64 |
Age at first birth (among parous)** | ||||||||||||
< 20 years | 16.5 (9.6, 23.4) | 551.8 (486.2, 617.3) | 16.2 (11.4, 21) | 27.5 (15.3, 39.6) | 708.5 (602.9, 814) | 27 (19, 35) | ||||||
20–24 years | 14.1 (6, 22.2) | 539.4 (458.2, 620.6) | 15.7 (9.8, 21.6) | 16.7 (6.5, 26.8) | 575.1 (486.1, 664.1) | 16.9 (10.2, 23.7) | ||||||
≥ 25 years | 23 (16.6, 29.5) | 0.17 | 532.9 (471.9, 593.8) | 0.68 | 22.3 (17.9, 26.8) | 0.07 | 28.8 (19.1, 38.5) | 0.85 | 644.9 (560.5, 729.4) | 0.29 | 20.9 (14.5, 27.3) | 0.18 |
Years since last birth (among parous women) | ||||||||||||
< 20 years | 31.0 (22.9, 39.2) | 638.7 (560.6, 716.7) | 24.2 (18.3, 30.0) | 32.6 (20.2, 45.0) | 657.0 (546.4, 767.6) | 20.6 (12.2, 29.1) | ||||||
20+ years | 11.8 (6.3, 17.3) | < 0.01 | 489.9 (437.6, 542.1) | 0.01 | 15.7 (11.7, 19.6) | 0.03 | 21.4 (13.9, 28.8) | 0.1 | 625.2 (558.8, 691.5) | 0.6 | 20.7 (15.7, 25.8) | 0.98 |
Breastfeeding (among parous) | ||||||||||||
Never | 18.6 (12.5, 24.7) | 570.6 (512, 629.1) | 19.9 (15.5, 24.3) | 20.2 (11, 29.3) | 605.8 (523.9, 687.8) | 20 (13.7, 26.3) | ||||||
Ever | 19.3 (13.5, 25.1) | 0.86 | 530.5 (474.9, 586) | 0.32 | 18.7 (14.5, 22.8) | 0.68 | 26.7 (17.6, 35.7) | 0.28 | 660 (580.3, 739.7) | 0.31 | 21.4 (15.3, 27.5) | 0.74 |
Menopausal status | ||||||||||||
Pre-meno | 28.5 (21.1, 35.9) | 674.6 (594.4, 754.8) | 28.6 (22.7, 34.4) | 30 (20, 40) | 633.6 (538, 729.2) | 25.4 (18.8, 32.1) | ||||||
Post-meno | 9.3 (3.1, 15.4) | < 0.01 | 453.5 (386.2, 520.8) | < 0.01 | 12 (7.1, 17) | < 0.01 | 21.1 (12.4, 29.7) | 0.19 | 609.3 (525.2, 693.4) | 0.71 | 19.9 (14, 25.7) | 0.22 |
History of benign breast disease | ||||||||||||
No | 15.7 (11.3, 20.1) | 536 (488.9, 583.1) | 18 (14.6, 21.5) | 26.2 (18.8, 33.7) | 626 (556.3, 695.7) | 23.2 (18, 28.4) | ||||||
Yes | 19.7 (13.7, 25.7) | 0.28 | 549.9 (486.6, 613.1) | 0.73 | 20.8 (16.1, 25.4) | 0.35 | 20.3 (11.7, 29) | 0.27 | 614.2 (533.5, 694.9) | 0.81 | 20.3 (14.2, 26.3) | 0.43 |
Family history | ||||||||||||
No | 17.3 (13.4, 21.2) | 537.5 (495.7, 579.3) | 19.1 (16.1, 22.2) | 23 (16.6, 29.4) | 620.3 (560.6, 679.9) | 22 (17.5, 26.5) | ||||||
Yes | 16.1 (7.2, 25.1) | 0.82 | 557.4 (465.7, 649.2) | 0.7 | 18.4 (11.6, 25.2) | 0.84 | 28.8 (15.2, 42.5) | 0.41 | 626.2 (499.6, 752.8) | 0.93 | 22 (12.4, 31.5) | 1 |
Tumor size | ||||||||||||
≤ 2 cm | 15.1 (11.4, 18.9) | 530.4 (489, 571.7) | 18.1 (15.1, 21.2) | 25 (17.3, 32.7) | 628.8 (557.1, 700.5) | 22.5 (17.2, 27.9) | ||||||
> 2 cm | 23.5 (16.2, 30.9) | 0.04 | 559.5 (477.1, 642) | 0.52 | 20.9 (14.8, 27) | 0.41 | 23.2 (14.3, 32) | 0.74 | 611.3 (528.2, 694.4) | 0.73 | 21.7 (15.5, 27.9) | 0.82 |
Tumor grade | ||||||||||||
Well/moderately differentiated | 17.8 (13.7, 22) | 533.9 (490.1, 577.7) | 20.4 (17.2, 23.6) | 9.5 (-5.5, 24.5) | 492 (354.1, 630) | 13 (2.5, 23.5) | ||||||
Poorly differentiated | 16.1 (7.5, 24.6) | 0.71 | 539.3 (448.5, 630.1) | 0.92 | 17.8 (11.1, 24.5) | 0.48 | 25.7 (19.2, 32.2) | 0.05 | 635.1 (574.8, 695.3) | 0.06 | 23.4 (18.9, 28) | 0.07 |
Lymph node invasion | ||||||||||||
Negative | 12.5 (8.5, 16.6) | 505.3 (459.5, 551.1) | 16 (12.8, 19.3) | 21.6 (14.2, 28.9) | 614.2 (544.5, 683.8) | 19.9 (14.9, 24.9) | ||||||
Positive | 23.6 (18, 29.2) | < 0.01 | 590 (527.1, 653) | 0.03 | 23.1 (18.6, 27.5) | 0.01 | 32.5 (22, 43.1) | 0.07 | 659.1 (559.9, 758.2) | 0.43 | 30.2 (23.1, 37.3) | 0.01 |