No. of women | No. of measurements | Per cent densitya | Dense areaa,e | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Changes in square-root per cent density (SE) | P value | Changes in square-root dense area (SE) | P value | |||
Height (categorical) (cm) | ||||||
< 155 | 2718 | 3240 | 0 | 0 | ||
155–159.9 | 2551 | 3027 | − 0.041 (0.037) | 0.259 | 0.048 (0.048) | 0.319 |
160–164.9 | 2683 | 3151 | − 0.056 (0.038) | 0.141 | 0.096 (0.050) | 0.057 |
≥ 165 | 2480 | 2900 | − 0.075 (0.042) | 0.076 | 0.118 (0.055) | 0.034 |
Linear associations with a 10 cm increase in adult height | ||||||
All women—Model Ab | ||||||
All, without BMI adjustment | 10,432 | 12,318 | 0.044 (0.023) | 0.054 | 0.069 (0.028) | 0.012 |
All, without age at menarche adjustment | 10,432 | 12,318 | − 0.057 (0.021) | 0.007 | 0.062 (0.028) | 0.025 |
All, with BMI and menarche adjustment | 10,432 | 12,318 | − 0.060 (0.021) | 0.005 | 0.059 (0.028) | 0.034 |
By BMI strata: (kg/m2) | ||||||
≤ 20.0 | 652 | 752 | 0.042 (0.075) | 0.569 | 0.184 (0.073) | 0.011 |
20.1–25.0 | 3882 | 4551 | − 0.008 (0.034) | 0.811 | 0.112 (0.041) | 0.006 |
25.1–30.0 | 3328 | 3937 | − 0.043 (0.037) | 0.241 | 0.121 (0.050) | 0.015 |
> 30.0 | 2570 | 3078 | − 0.138 (0.040) | 0.001 | − 0.026 (0.060) | 0.670 |
Subset by height measurement method | ||||||
Measured | 7062 | 8389 | − 0.040 (0.026) | 0.125 | 0.084 (0.034) | 0.015 |
Self-reported | 3370 | 3929 | − 0.096 (0.036) | 0.007 | 0.020 (0.047) | 0.676 |
Pre-menopausal women—Model Bc | ||||||
All | 4221 | 5000 | − 0.049 (0.032) | 0.130 | 0.074 (0.044) | 0.092 |
Subset by parity | ||||||
Nulliparous women | 478 | 553 | − 0.201 (0.089) | 0.024 | − 0.012 (0.117) | 0.922 |
Parous women | 3743 | 4447 | − 0.023 (0.034) | 0.503 | 0.099 (0.047) | 0.034 |
Parous women + age 1st birth adjustment | 3743 | 4447 | − 0.024 (0.034) | 0.490 | 0.099 (0.047) | 0.033 |
Post-menopausal women—Model Cc | ||||||
All | 5747 | 6769 | − 0.067 (0.028) | 0.017 | 0.047 (0.036) | 0.201 |
All + age at menopause adjustment | 5747 | 6769 | − 0.070 (0.028) | 0.013 | 0.043 (0.036) | 0.239 |
Subset by parity | ||||||
Nulliparous women | 531 | 622 | − 0.144 (0.081) | 0.076 | − 0.084 (0.098) | 0.389 |
Parous women | 5216 | 6147 | − 0.041 (0.029) | 0.163 | 0.090 (0.039) | 0.019 |
Parous women + age at 1st birth adjustment | 5216 | 6147 | − 0.045 (0.029) | 0.121 | 0.085 (0.038) | 0.027 |
Parous women + age at menopause adjustment | 5216 | 6147 | − 0.043 (0.029) | 0.139 | 0.087 (0.038) | 0.023 |
Parous women + age at 1st birth + age at menopause adjustments | 5216 | 6147 | − 0.047 (0.029) | 0.107 | 0.083 (0.038) | 0.031 |
Nulliparous women—Model Dd | ||||||
All | 1059 | 1229 | − 0.197 (0.060) | 0.001 | − 0.043 (0.075) | 0.563 |
Parous women—Model Eb | ||||||
All | 9321 | 11,024 | − 0.036 (0.022) | 0.111 | 0.090 (0.030) | 0.002 |
All + age at 1st birth adjustment | 9321 | 11,024 | − 0.038 (0.022) | 0.090 | 0.088 (0.030) | 0.003 |