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Table 2 AI data for parous versus nulliparous women

From: Towards defining morphologic parameters of normal parous and nulliparous breast tissues by artificial intelligence

Outcome

Parous women (N = 180)

Nulliparous women (N = 545)

Association measure

Comparison between parous women and nulliparous women (reference group)

Age-adjusted analysis

Adjusting for age, race, BMI, percent fat, and relative with breast or ovarian cancerd

N

Mean (min, max)

N

Mean (min, max)

Estimate (95% CI)

p value

Estimate (95% CI)

p value

TDLU counta

180

17 (0, 186)

545

15 (0, 121)

Multiplicative effect on mean

1.58 (1.30, 1.92)

 < 0.001

1.38 (1.15, 1.67)

 < 0.001

Adp tissue fracb

180

0.53 (0.03, 0.95)

545

0.46 (0.02, 0.95)

Additive effect on mean

− 0.01 (− 0.06, 0.04)

0.66

0.01 (− 0.01, 0.04)

0.27

Mean acini counta

177

35 (4, 301)

522

26 (3, 195)

Multiplicative effect on mean

1.66 (1.43, 1.93)

 < 0.001

1.60 (1.38, 1.86)

 < 0.001

Dilated acini

177

2 (0, 69)

522

1 (0, 10)

Multiplicative effect on mean

1.78 (1.43, 2.23)

 < 0.001

1.70 (1.35, 2.15)

 < 0.001

Mean avg acinib

177

1965 (523, 8455)

522

2718 (544, 12,737)

Additive effect on mean

− 0.40 (− 0.50, − 0.30)

 < 0.001

− 0.40 (− 0.50, − 0.30)

 < 0.001

Mean cap sizeb

177

9741 (151, 75,885)

522

9009 (37, 73,952)

Additive effect on mean

0.07 (− 0.07, 0.23)

0.34

0.08 (− 0.08, 0.24)

0.32

Mean epi sizeb

177

56,318 (2283, 504,707)

522

52,720 (2457, 327,186)

Additive effect on mean

0.03 (− 0.12, 0.17)

0.73

0.02 (− 0.13, 0.17)

0.80

Mean epi stroma ratiob

177

0.37 (0.12, 0.62)

522

0.41 (0.10, 0.95)

Additive effect on mean

− 0.02 (− 0.04, 0.00)

0.13

− 0.01 (− 0.03, 0.01)

0.20

Mononuclear cell counta

177

141 (5, 1544)

522

98 (0, 685)

Multiplicative effect on mean

1.54 (1.34, 1.77)

 < 0.001

1.51 (1.31, 1.74)

 < 0.001

Mean nearby fatb

177

161,457 (0, 4,695,569)

522

106,157 (0, 2,920,220)

Additive effect on mean

0.45 (− 3.40, 4.29)

0.82

1.20 (− 2.31, 4.71)

0.50

Mean TDLU sizeb

177

196,285 (25,955, 1,960,288)

522

159,555 (20,508, 1,312,554)

Additive effect on mean

0.11 (− 0.02, 0.25)

0.10

0.10 (− 0.04, 0.24)

0.17

  1. CI = confidence interval; adp = adipose; avg = average; cap = capillary; epi = epithelial; TDLU = terminal duct lobular unit
  2. aNegative binomial regression models were used for comparisons between parous and nulliparous women; multiplicative effects on the mean and 95% CIs were estimated and are interpreted as the multiplicative effect on the mean outcome value
  3. bLinear regression models were used for comparisons between parous and nulliparous women; additive effects on the mean and 95% CIs were estimated and are interpreted as the additive effect on the mean outcome value (on the natural logarithm scale for mean avg acini, mean cap size, mean epi size, and mean TDLU size, and on the cube root scale for mean nearby fat)
  4. cMultivariable models were adjusted for age as well as any variable that differed between parous and nulliparous women with a p value < 0.15. p values < 0.0045 are considered as statistically significant after applying a Bonferroni correction for multiple testing
  5. dP-values < 0.0045 are considered as statistically significant after applying a Bonferroni correction for multiple testing