Fig. 1
From: Racial disparities in triple negative breast cancer: toward a causal architecture approach
Spatial covariation of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) prevalence and ICE measures, New Castle County, DE. A–C depict quintiles of TNBC prevalence and ICE-measured disadvantage (by race, income, and race/income) at the census tract level in New Castle County, DE. The extremes of the classification system in light gray, magenta, teal, and blue represent the spatial covariation of both measures, ranging from lower in both to higher in both. Across all maps, higher TNBC prevalence and higher ICE-measured disadvantage overlap in the City of Wilmington, as shown by the blue tracts. ICE-Race (A) appears to correlate with TNBC more strongly than ICE-Income (B) or ICE-Race/Income (C), as map A has more tracts classified as low–low (light gray) or high–high (blue) in both measures. ICE-Race (A) correlates with higher TNBC prevalence in additional census tracts south of the City of Wilmington, which correspond to tracts that have relatively large Black populations but relatively less income deprivation measured by ICE (B, C)