| |
Geometric mean (95% CI)
|
p-trend
|
%Δ
|
p-diff
|
|---|
|
Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2)
|
Healthy weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2)
|
Overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2)
|
Obese (30 + kg/m2)
|
|---|
|
N
|
20
|
193
|
169
|
154
| | | |
|
Median BMI (kg/m2)
|
18
|
22
|
27
|
34
| | | |
|
Estrone
|
144.97 (88.25–238.13)
|
224.99 (170.21–297.39)
|
318.61 (239.30–424.21)
|
448.63 (336.80–597.58)
|
< 0.0001
|
99.4
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Unconjugated
|
41.70 (32.20–54.00)
|
50.89 (43.47–59.59)
|
64.64 (54.90–76.12)
|
78.90 (66.57–93.53)
|
< 0.0001
|
55.0
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Conjugated
|
93.85 (50.12–175.77)
|
165.03 (117.93–230.94)
|
251.15 (178.34–353.68)
|
366.55 (260.70–515.40)
|
< 0.0001
|
122.1
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Estradiol
|
16.77 (10.73–26.23)
|
19.68 (14.73–26.31)
|
29.63 (21.93–40.02)
|
41.81 (31.07–56.27)
|
< 0.0001
|
112.4
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Unconjugated
|
11.50 (8.05–16.42)
|
13.26 (10.37–16.95)
|
19.80 (15.25–25.71)
|
27.83 (21.47–36.07)
|
< 0.0001
|
109.9
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Conjugated
|
2.24 (0.83–6.03)
|
3.32 (1.65–6.67)
|
5.02 (2.50–10.08)
|
7.32 (3.67–14.59)
|
< 0.0001
|
120.4
|
< 0.0001
|
|
2-Hydroxyestrone
|
45.44 (37.43–55.16)
|
51.36 (45.24–58.31)
|
53.48 (46.66–61.30)
|
58.42 (51.15–66.73)
|
0.01
|
13.7
|
0.03
|
|
2-Hydroxyestradiol
|
12.35 (8.23–18.53)
|
9.38 (7.04–12.51)
|
8.39 (6.22–11.31)
|
8.50 (6.37–11.36)
|
0.06
|
− 9.4
|
0.24
|
|
2-Methoxyestrone
|
19.75 (14.41–27.06)
|
21.17 (17.44–25.70)
|
21.43 (17.55–26.17)
|
23.20 (18.91–28.46)
|
0.15
|
9.6
|
0.20
|
|
Unconjugated
|
8.54 (5.90–12.36)
|
8.56 (6.84–10.71)
|
9.07 (7.22–11.40)
|
8.42 (6.68–10.62)
|
0.93
|
− 1.6
|
0.84
|
|
Conjugated
|
8.67 (5.29–14.21)
|
9.57 (7.26–12.60)
|
9.94 (7.58–13.02)
|
12.75 (9.61–16.92)
|
0.02
|
33.3
|
0.02
|
|
2-Methoxyestradiol
|
10.55 (7.23–15.38)
|
12.92 (10.00–16.68)
|
12.82 (10.01–16.42)
|
13.17 (10.18–17.03)
|
0.44
|
1.9
|
0.78
|
|
Unconjugated
|
2.88 (2.02–4.11)
|
2.86 (2.27–3.60)
|
2.89 (2.27–3.68)
|
2.94 (2.32–3.73)
|
0.65
|
3.0
|
0.62
|
|
Conjugated
|
6.39 (3.61–11.29)
|
9.09 (6.33–13.04)
|
8.36 (5.88–11.89)
|
8.89 (6.22–12.70)
|
0.76
|
− 2.2
|
0.83
|
|
2-Hydroxyestrone-3-methyl ether
|
3.52 (2.56–4.83)
|
3.68 (2.97–4.58)
|
3.69 (2.96–4.60)
|
3.79 (3.06–4.71)
|
0.61
|
3.0
|
0.69
|
|
4-Hydroxyestrone
|
6.29 (4.35–9.09)
|
6.62 (4.76–9.21)
|
7.13 (5.16–9.84)
|
8.36 (6.06–11.52)
|
0.004
|
26.3
|
0.007
|
|
4-Methoxyestrone
|
3.95 (2.96–5.27)
|
3.58 (2.87–4.46)
|
3.62 (2.89–4.54)
|
3.60 (2.89–4.47)
|
0.85
|
0.5
|
0.94
|
|
4-Methoxyestradiol
|
1.48 (1.04–2.11)
|
1.54 (1.24–1.92)
|
1.45 (1.18–1.78)
|
1.58 (1.28–1.97)
|
0.73
|
2.6
|
0.71
|
|
16α-Hydroxyestrone
|
23.04 (14.78–35.90)
|
29.08 (20.92–40.42)
|
37.98 (27.19–53.04)
|
50.14 (36.11–69.62)
|
< 0.0001
|
72.4
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Estriol
|
82.19 (58.33–115.80)
|
82.48 (65.95–103.16)
|
95.37 (75.16–121.02)
|
105.42 (83.45–133.17)
|
0.001
|
27.8
|
0.002
|
|
Unconjugated
|
9.28 (7.62–11.29)
|
9.43 (8.38–10.62)
|
10.05 (8.97–11.27)
|
9.21 (8.21–10.33)
|
0.78
|
− 2.4
|
0.56
|
|
Conjugated
|
70.77 (47.79–104.79)
|
70.06 (54.67–89.77)
|
82.52 (63.50–107.24)
|
94.71 (73.17–122.60)
|
0.0006
|
35.2
|
0.0007
|
|
16-Ketoestradiol
|
11.97 (8.87–16.16)
|
17.24 (13.76–21.59)
|
19.72 (15.58–24.97)
|
27.89 (22.13–35.14)
|
< 0.0001
|
61.8
|
< 0.0001
|
|
16-Epiestriol
|
17.41 (11.22–27.02)
|
16.63 (13.07–21.16)
|
18.96 (14.91–24.09)
|
20.47 (16.06–26.08)
|
0.011
|
23.0
|
0.008
|
|
17-Epiestriol
|
28.50 (19.39–41.90)
|
25.07 (18.83–33.38)
|
26.02 (19.77–34.26)
|
27.13 (20.51–35.88)
|
0.44
|
8.2
|
0.27
|
- Geometric means adjusted for age at blood draw (continuous), blood draw year (2013, 2014, 2015), smoking status (never, former, current, missing), diabetes (yes, no, missing), time since menopause (≤ 2, 3–5, 6–10, > 10, missing), ever used oral contraceptives (yes, no, missing)
- p-trend was estimated using the Wald test for ordinal BMI category
- %Δ indicates the percentage change in estrogen/estrogen metabolite levels, comparing women with current BMI ≥ 30 vs. 18.5–24.9 kg/m2, and was estimated by taking the ratio of the geometric mean difference in estrogen/estrogen metabolite levels between women with current BMI ≥ 30 vs. 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 to the geometric mean of women with current BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2, multiplied by 100
- p-diff was estimated using the Wald test and indicates a p-value comparing estrogen/estrogen metabolite levels of women with current BMI ≥ 30 vs. 18.5–24.9 kg/m2
- Bold p-values represent FDR q-value ≤ 0.05
