Exposure | ER+ | ER− | Triple negative | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases | Age-adjusted HR (95% CI)a | MV-adjusted HR (95% CI)b | Cases | Age-adjusted HR (95% CI)a | MV-adjusted HR (95% CI)b | Cases | Age-adjusted HR (95% CI)a | MV-adjusted HR (95% CI)b | |
Early-life stressors | |||||||||
Loss of a parent/guardian before age 18 | |||||||||
 No | 554 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 251 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 128 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
 Death of mother | 69 | 1.14 (0.89–1.47) | 1.19 (0.92–1.53) | 28 | 1.08 (0.73–1.59) | 1.09 (0.73–1.61) | 17 | 1.29 (0.78–2.15) | 1.29 (0.77–2.14) |
 Death of father/guardian | 102 | 0.85 (0.69–1.05) | 0.87 (0.71–1.08) | 45 | 0.84 (0.61–1.15) | 0.84 (0.61–1.16) | 26 | 0.94 (0.62–1.44) | 0.95 (0.62–1.45) |
Member of household served time in prison before age 18 | |||||||||
 No | 732 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 318 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 164 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
 Yes | 39 | 0.75 (0.54–1.03) | 0.78 (0.57–1.08) | 27 | 1.07 (0.73–1.55) | 1.18 (0.79–1.75) | 14 | 1.16 (0.67–2.01) | 1.16 (0.67–2.01) |
Childhood financial hardship | |||||||||
 None | 585 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 261 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 138 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
 Moderate | 176 | 0.98 (0.83–1.16) | 1.02 (0.86–1.20) | 80 | 0.97 (0.76–1.25) | 0.98 (0.76–1.26) | 36 | 0.82 (0.57–1.19) | 0.83 (0.57–1.20) |
 Severe | 73 | 0.79 (0.62–1.01) | 0.84 (0.66–1.08) | 37 | 0.87 (0.61–1.23) | 0.87 (0.61–1.23) | 24 | 1.07 (0.69–1.65) | 1.10 (0.71–1.71) |
Childhood sexual abuse | |||||||||
 No abuse | 426 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 223 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 113 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
 Exposed to genitals of an adult | 56 | 1.06 (0.80–1.40) | 1.04 (0.79–1.38) | 33 | 1.16 (0.80–1.68) | 1.12 (0.78–1.62) | 23 | 1.60 (1.02–2.50) | 1.56 (0.99–2.45) |
 Sexual assault 1–3 times | 83 | 0.90 (0.71–1.14) | 0.91 (0.72–1.15) | 46 | 0.91 (0.66–1.26) | 0.89 (0.65–1.22) | 25 | 0.99 (0.64–1.53) | 0.96 (0.62–1.49) |
 Sexual assault ≥ 4 times | 55 | 1.29 (0.97–1.71) | 1.35 (1.01–1.79) | 19 | 0.80 (0.50–1.28) | 0.77 (0.48–1.24) | 11 | 0.93 (0.50–1.73) | 0.90 (0.48–1.67) |
 Physical abuse only | 239 | 1.13 (0.96–1.32) | 1.12 (0.95–1.31) | 120 | 1.05 (0.84–1.31) | 1.04 (0.83–1.30) | 64 | 1.12 (0.82–1.52) | 1.11 (0.81–1.51) |
Adolescent sexual abuse | |||||||||
 No abuse | 514 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 273 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 140 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
 Exposed to genitals of an adult | 63 | 1.07 (0.83–1.40) | 1.06 (0.82–1.38) | 26 | 0.81 (0.54–1.22) | 0.80 (0.53–1.20) | 12 | 0.73 (0.41–1.33) | 0.72 (0.40–1.29) |
 Sexual assault 1–3 times | 130 | 1.07 (0.88–1.30) | 1.11 (0.91–1.35) | 70 | 1.02 (0.78–1.32) | 0.99 (0.75–1.29) | 41 | 1.16 (0.82–1.65) | 1.13 (0.79–1.61) |
 Sexual assault ≥ 4 times | 31 | 1.08 (0.75–1.55) | 1.16 (0.80–1.67) | 13 | 0.81 (0.46–1.42) | 0.80 (0.46–1.40) | 10 | 1.23 (0.65–2.35) | 1.23 (0.64–2.34) |
 Physical abuse only | 121 | 1.06 (0.87–1.29) | 1.08 (0.89–1.32) | 59 | 0.93 (0.70–1.24) | 0.93 (0.70–1.23) | 33 | 1.02 (0.70–1.49) | 1.02 (0.70–1.50) |
Adult-life stressors | |||||||||
Marital status | |||||||||
 Single | 216 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 132 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 58 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
 Married/live together | 605 | 1.25 (1.07–1.47) | 1.29 (1.08–1.53) | 317 | 1.17 (0.95–1.45) | 0.96 (0.77–1.21) | 139 | 0.88 (0.64–1.21) | 1.08 (0.77–1.53) |
 Separated/divorced | 340 | 1.07 (0.89–1.28) | 1.12 (0.93–1.36) | 192 | 1.11 (0.88–1.40) | 0.94 (0.73–1.20) | 95 | 1.05 (0.81–1.36) | 1.06 (0.81–1.38) |
 Widowed | 94 | 1.11 (0.86–1.45) | 1.21 (0.92–1.58) | 45 | 1.15 (0.80–1.67) | 0.99 (0.68–1.45) | 18 | 0.85 (0.51–1.43) | 0.89 (0.53–1.49) |
Years of education | |||||||||
 ≤ 12 years | 194 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 121 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 58 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
 13–15 years | 355 | 1.17 (0.98–1.40) | 1.10 (0.92–1.32) | 213 | 1.07 (0.85–1.34) | 1.03 (0.82–1.29) | 96 | 0.98 (0.71–1.36) | 0.92 (0.66–1.28) |
 ≥ 16 years | 707 | 1.39 (1.19–1.64) | 1.18 (1.00–1.41) | 353 | 1.09 (0.88–1.34) | 1.04 (0.83–1.31) | 156 | 0.94 (0.69–1.27) | 0.89 (0.64–1.24) |
Daily racism | |||||||||
 Quartile 1 | 206 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 112 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 60 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
 Quartile 2 | 321 | 1.12 (0.94–1.33) | 1.10 (0.92–1.31) | 171 | 1.04 (0.82–1.33) | 1.02 (0.81–1.30) | 88 | 1.00 (0.72–1.39) | 0.99 (0.71–1.38) |
 Quartile 3 | 285 | 1.06 (0.88–1.27) | 1.04 (0.87–1.25) | 147 | 0.94 (0.73–1.20) | 0.93 (0.72–1.19) | 80 | 0.94 (0.67–1.32) | 0.94 (0.67–1.32) |
 Quartile 4 | 247 | 1.13 (0.94–1.37) | 1.14 (0.94–1.38) | 110 | 0.85 (0.65–1.11) | 0.85 (0.65–1.11) | 55 | 0.79 (0.54–1.14) | 0.78 (0.54–1.14) |
Institutional racism | |||||||||
 No to all | 302 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 162 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 86 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
 Yes to 1 | 331 | 1.00 (0.85–1.17) | 0.98 (0.84–1.14) | 176 | 0.98 (0.79–1.21) | 0.96 (0.78–1.19) | 95 | 1.00 (0.74–1.33) | 0.98 (0.73–1.32) |
 Yes to 2 | 267 | 1.01 (0.86–1.19) | 0.99 (0.84–1.17) | 120 | 0.84 (0.66–1.06) | 0.82 (0.65–1.05) | 62 | 0.82 (0.59–1.13) | 0.80 (0.58–1.11) |
 Yes to 3 | 132 | 1.08 (0.88–1.33) | 1.07 (0.87–1.31) | 62 | 0.93 (0.70–1.25) | 0.94 (0.70–1.26) | 30 | 0.84 (0.56–1.28) | 0.83 (0.55–1.26) |
CESD Scale | |||||||||
 Score 0–15 | 678 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 324 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 184 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
 Score 16–22 | 124 | 1.01 (0.83–1.22) | 1.02 (0.84–1.24) | 60 | 0.98 (0.74–1.29) | 0.99 (0.75–1.31) | 34 | 0.98 (0.68–1.42) | 0.99 (0.69–1.43) |
 Score ≥ 23 | 87 | 0.80 (0.64–1.00) | 0.84 (0.67–1.05) | 45 | 0.83 (0.61–1.13) | 0.85 (0.62–1.17) | 25 | 0.82 (0.54–1.24) | 0.83 (0.54–1.27) |
Perceived stress Scale | |||||||||
 Score 0–4 low perceived stress | 277 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 135 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 116 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
 Score 5–8, average perceived stress | 214 | 1.02 (0.86–1.23) | 1.05 (0.87–1.25) | 101 | 0.99 (0.76–1.28) | 1.01 (0.78–1.31) | 101 | 1.18 (0.90–1.54) | 1.19 (0.91–1.56) |
 Score ≥ 9, high perceived stress | 51 | 0.75 (0.55–1.01) | 0.77 (0.57–1.05) | 22 | 0.65 (0.41–1.03) | 0.65 (0.41–1.03) | 20 | 0.73 (0.46–1.18) | 0.72 (0.45–1.17) |