Skip to main content
Fig. 1 | Breast Cancer Research

Fig. 1

From: Multiplex immunofluorescence to measure dynamic changes in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and PD-L1 in early-stage breast cancer

Fig. 1

Illustration of mIF workflow and staining. Refer to supplemental figure 2, 3, 4 for example mIF images, validation staining, and examples of QIF levels across phenotypes using the machine-learning based (InForm) phenotyping method. mIF: multiplex immunofluorescence; H&E: hematoxylin and eosin; DCIS: ductal carcinoma in situ; Bx: biopsy; CK: cytokeratin; FOXP3: forkhead box P3; PD-L1: programmed death ligand 1; ROI: region of interest; DAPI: 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; T reg: T-regulatory; T-S: tumor-stromal; QIF: quantitative immunofluorescence

Back to article page

Breast Cancer Research

ISSN: 1465-542X

Contact us