Association of breast cancer with MRI background parenchymal enhancement: the IMAGINE case-control study

Breast Cancer Research

Table 4 The association between BPE and tumor characteristics among women with breast cancer in the IMAGINE study

Premenopausal cases
Tumor characteristic	Minimal/mild BPE	Moderate/marked BPE^a	OR^b	95% CI
Hormone receptor status^c
Negative	48 (15%)	33 (16%)	Reference
Positive	277 (85%)	178 (84%)	1.00	0.59–1.68
HER2
Negative	277 (85%)	164 (78%)	Reference
Positive	48 (15%)	47 (22%)	1.72	1.07–2.76
Histology
Ductal	293 (90%)	194 (92%)	Reference
Lobular/mixed/other	32 (10%)	17 (8%)	0.99	0.52–1.91
Stage
Localized	220 (68%)	147 (70%)	Reference
Regional	101 (31%)	60 (28%)	0.86	0.57–1.29
Distant	4 (1%)	4 (2%)	1.45	0.34–6.21
Postmenopausal cases
Tumor characteristic	Minimal BPE	Mild/moderate/marked BPE	OR^b	95% CI
Hormone receptor status
Negative	26 (27%)	30 (17%)	Reference
Positive^c	71 (73%)	145 (83%)	2.55	1.22–5.34
Human epidermal growth factor 2
Negative	83 (86%)	152 (87%)	Reference
Positive	14 (14%)	23 (13%)	0.89	0.37–2.13
Histology
Ductal	80 (82%)	151 (86%)	Reference
Lobular/mixed/other	17 (18%)	24 (14%)	0.65	0.30–1.43
Stage
Localized	76 (78%)	132 (75%)	Reference
Regional	19 (20%)	41 (23%)	0.75	0.36–1.53
Distant	2 (2%)	2 (1%)	0.36	0.04–3.17

Abbreviations: OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, ER estrogen receptor, PR progesterone receptor, HER2 human epidermal growth factor 2
^aEstimated for a single unaffected breast using BI-RADS (Breast Imaging - Reporting and Data System) guidelines by a single research radiologist blinded to case-control status, clinical characteristics, and medical history
^bMultivariable-adjusted odds ratio for BPE category estimated in logistic regression with additional adjustment for (heterogeneous/dense vs fatty/scattered); BMI (< 25, ≥25 and < 30, ≥ 30 kg/m²); and conditioned on matching criteria: race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic White vs other), recruitment site, and age at MRI (5-year categories)
^cConsidered positive if positive for estrogen or progesterone receptors

ISSN: 1465-542X