Hormonal determinants of mammographic density and density change

Gabrielson, Marike; Azam, Shadi; Hardell, Elina; Holm, Madeleine; Ubhayasekera, Kumari A.; Eriksson, Mikael; Bäcklund, Magnus; Bergquist, Jonas; Czene, Kamila; Hall, Per

doi:10.1186/s13058-020-01332-4

Breast Cancer Research

Table 4 Endogenous hormone determinants of mammographic density area at baseline and area change over time in postmenopausal women (n = 705), not currently using MHT

From: Hormonal determinants of mammographic density and density change

Determinants	Women, no.	Mammographic dense area		Mammographic dense area change
Determinants	Women, no.	Associations in baseline dense area, cm², β estimates (95% CI)*	P value^†	Associations in relative dense area change, cm²/year, β estimates (95% CI)**	P value^††
Progestogens
Pregnenolone	484	0.53 (− 0.99 to 2.05)	0.493	0.07 (− 0.15 to 0.29)	0.530
Progesterone	599	− 0.07 (− 1.01 to 0.87)	0.888	0.06 (− 0.08 to 0.20)	0.405
17OH-progesterone	604	0.18 (− 0.91 to 1.27)	0.745	0.03 (− 0.13 to 0.19)	0.687
Androgens
DHEA	509	− 0.62 (− 2.00 to 0.77)	0.381	0.35 (0.14 to 0.56)	0.001
DHEAS	661	0.09 (− 1.79 to 1.98)	0.922	− 0.13 (− 0.41 to 0.14)	0.347
Androstenedione	543	− 0.47 (− 1.95 to 1.01)	0.535	0.30 (0.08 to 0.53)	0.008
Testosterone	558	0.51 (− 1.02 to 2.03)	0.513	0.22 (− 0.02 to 0.45)	0.069
Free testosterone	558	− 0.27 (− 1.60 to 1.05)	0.686	0.17 (− 0.03 to 0.37)	0.103
Androsterone	471	− 0.16 (− 1.40 to 1.08)	0.801	0.27 (0.08 to 0.47)	0.006
Etiocholanolone	425	− 1.30 (− 2.84 to 0.23)	0.096	0.20 (− 0.04 to 0.44)	0.103
Oestrogens
Oestrone	307	0.47 (− 0.74 to 1.68)	0.444	0.07 (− 0.14 to 0.28)	0.498
Oestrone sulphate	630	− 0.07 (− 1.59 to 1.46)	0.932	0.02 (− 020 to 0.24)	0.866
Corticoids
Corticosterone	616	− 0.05 (− 1.53 to 1.43)	0.946	0.02 (− 0.20 to 0.24)	0.876
Aldosterone	387	− 0.64 (− 2.70 to 1.42)	0.542	0.22 (− 0.09 to 0.48)	0.182
11-Deoxycortisol	580	− 1.03 (2.37 to 0.29)	0.127	0.12 (− 0.08 to 0.32)	0.226
Cortisol	616	− 0.60 (− 3.54 to 2.34)	0.689	0.08 (− 0.35 to 0.51)	0.717
Cortisone	613	− 1.15 (3.40 to 1.10)	0.315	0.26 (− 0.07 to 0.60)	0.119
Peptide hormones
Prolactin	697	1.05 (− 1.21 to 3.31)	0.361	0.05 (− 0.29 to 0.39)	0.777
SHBG	702	2.60 (0.10 to 5.10)	0.042	0.01 (− 0.36 to 0.39)	0.942

BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEAS dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, MET metabolic equivalent of task, MHT menopausal hormone therapy, SHBG sex hormone-binding globulin
*Adjusted model: age and BMI at baseline, time of day of blood draw and plasma sample plate number
^†P value is for baseline dense area (cm²) at blood collection as a dependent continuous variable by hormones (continuous, natural log-transformed)
**Adjusted model: age, BMI, physical activity (MET-h/d) at baseline, time of day of blood draw and plasma sample plate number
^††P value is for the dense area change (cm²/year) as a dependent continuous variable by hormones (continuous, natural log-transformed)

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