Hormonal determinants of mammographic density and density change

Gabrielson, Marike; Azam, Shadi; Hardell, Elina; Holm, Madeleine; Ubhayasekera, Kumari A.; Eriksson, Mikael; Bäcklund, Magnus; Bergquist, Jonas; Czene, Kamila; Hall, Per

doi:10.1186/s13058-020-01332-4

Breast Cancer Research

Table 3 Endogenous hormone determinants of mammographic density area at baseline and area change over time in premenopausal women (n = 335), not currently using MHT

From: Hormonal determinants of mammographic density and density change

Determinants	Women, no.	Mammographic dense area		Mammographic dense area change
Determinants	Women, no.	Associations in baseline dense area, cm², β estimates (95% CI)*	P value^†	Associations in relative dense area change, cm²/year, β estimates (95% CI)**	P value^††
Progestogens
Pregnenolone	230	− 0.16 (− 3.29 to 2.97)	0.919	0.06 (− 0.51 to 0.63)	0.846
Progesterone	299	1.78 (0.58 to 3.00)	0.004	− 0.08 (− 0.31 to 0.14)	0.481
17OH-progesterone	299	1.75 (− 0.15 to 3.66)	0.071	0.17 (− 0.19 to 0.53)	0.362
Androgens
DHEA	255	− 1.33 (− 4.15 to 1.49)	0.353	− 0.10 (− 0.61 to 0.41)	0.689
DHEAS	306	− 3.33 (− 7.49 to 0.82)	0.115	0.06 (− 0.70 to 0.82)	0.872
Androstenedione	270	− 0.45 (− 3.28 to 2.39)	0.758	0.41 (− 0.13 to 0.96)	0.139
Testosterone	267	− 0.81 (− 3.87 to 2.24)	0.602	0.53 (− 0.02 to 1.09)	0.057
Free testosterone	262	− 2.13 (− 4.78 to 0.53)	0.116	0.53 (0.05 to 1.01)	0.030
Androsterone	237	− 0.41 (− 2.92 to 2.10)	0.749	− 0.17 (− 0.63 to 0.29)	0.474
Etiocholanolone	226	− 0.71 (− 3.59 to 2.19)	0.632	− 0.15 (− 0.68 to 0.38)	0.580
Oestrogens
Oestrone	139	0.84 (− 1.79 to 3.47)	0.527	0.16 (− 0.35 to 0.67)	0.537
Oestrone sulphate	301	1.30 (− 1.22 to 3.83)	0.311	− 0.08 (− 0.54 to 0.38)	0.740
Corticoids
Corticosterone	293	0.51 (− 2.14 to 3.15)	0.706	− 0.36 (− 0.85 to 0.12)	0.144
Aldosterone	175	2.05 (− 2.01 to 6.10)	0.321	0.26 (− 0.51 to 1.02)	0.506
11-Deoxycortisol	280	− 1.17 (− 3.60 to 1.27)	0.346	− 0.03 (− 0.48 to 0.42)	0.903
Cortisol	292	− 0.85 (− 6.49 to 4.80)	0.768	− 0.04 (− 1.06 to 0.99)	0.943
Cortisone	290	− 3.35 (− 7.85 to 1.15)	0.144	0.08 (− 0.74 to 0.89)	0.857
Peptide hormones
Prolactin	331	2.35 (− 2.02 to 6.71)	0.291	0.66 (− 0.13 to 1.45)	0.103
SHBG	326	6.58 (2.10 to 11.06)	0.004	− 0.39 (− 1.22 to 0.43)	0.348

BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEAS dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, MET metabolic equivalent of task, MHT menopausal hormone therapy, SHBG sex hormone-binding globulin
*Adjusted model: age and BMI at baseline, time of day of blood draw and plasma sample plate number
^†P value is for baseline dense area (cm²) at blood collection as a dependent continuous variable by hormones (continuous, natural log-transformed)
**Adjusted model: age, BMI, physical activity (MET-h/d) at baseline, time of day of blood draw and plasma sample plate number
^††P value is for the dense area change (cm²/year) as a dependent continuous variable by hormones (continuous, natural log-transformed)

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