Fig. 5

Breast cancer cell migration and invasion on the hydrogels. a Diagram of the experimental setup for the migration assay. b GFP-MM231 cell migration on top of the matrices over 72 h. Scale bars, 500 μm. The bottom panel shows representative migration line at × 10 magnification. Scale bars, 100 μm. c Quantification of cell migration outside the defined circle region on each matrix over time. *P ≤ 0.001 comparing TMG and Col I to Matrigel after 72 h (TMG, t = 5.586; Col I, t = 4.907). There was no significant difference between TMG and Col I. d Diagram of the experimental setup for the invasion assay. e Representative views of GFP-MM231 cells under a fluorescent microscope after invasion through matrices onto Nytran membrane (× 10 magnification). Scale bars, 100 μm. f Quantification of cell invasion onto membrane. *P < 0.05 for TMG and Col I compared to Matrigel after 24 h (TMG, t = 3.200; Col I, t = 2.273). There was no significant difference between TMG and Col I. Error bars in c and f represent mean ± SD of three independent experiments