Table 3 Intraductal injection of ethanol reduces the risk of developing cancer in a C3(1)-TAg mouse model (tumor incidence at necropsy)

Untreated vs. not injected

34% (85/250) vs. 28% (28/100)

1.21 (0.76–1.93)

0.6848

n/a

n/a

n/a

Untreated vs. PBS-injected

34% (85/250) vs. 58% (25/43)

0.58 (0.39–0.86)

0.0147

34% (85/250) vs. 52% (30/57)

0.64 (0.44–0.94)

0.0347

Untreated vs. 50% EtOH-injected^a

34% (85/250) vs. 36% (13/36)

0.94 (0.51–1.72)

0.9924

34% (85/250) vs. 16% (4/24)

2.12 (0.67–6.70)

0.2328

Untreated vs. 70% EtOH-injected^a

34% (85/250) vs. 51% (30/58)

0.65 (0.44–0.97)

0.0555

34% (85/250) vs. 9.6% (5/52)

3.53 (1.21–10.29)

0.0048

Untreated vs. 70% EtOH-injected^b

34% (85/250) vs. 57% (20/35)

0.61 (0.39–0.94)

0.0599

34% (85/250) vs. 7.3% (7/95)

4.76 (1.89–11.97)

< 0.00001

Within PBS-injected

n/a

n/a

n/a

58% (25/43) vs. 52% (30/57)

1.10 (0.77–1.57)

0.6765

Within 50% EtOH-injected^a

n/a

n/a

n/a

36% (13/36) vs. 16% (4/24)

2.25 (0.83–6.13)

0.0579

Within 70% EtOH-injected^a

n/a

n/a

n/a

51% (30/58) vs. 9.6% (5/52)

5.37 (2.24–12.86)

< 0.00001

Within 70% EtOH-injected^b

n/a

n/a

n/a

57% (20/35) vs. 7.3% (7/95)

7.77 (3.58–16.85)

< 0.00001