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Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of invasive breast cancer cases and matched controls

From: Breast cancer risk prediction in women aged 35–50 years: impact of including sex hormone concentrations in the Gail model

  Cases (n = 1762) Controls (n = 1890)
Cohort, n
 BGS 230 230
 CLUE II 87 87
 CSB 69 69
 Guernsey 124 124
 NHS 93 93
 NHS II 248 250
 NSMSC 31 31
 NYUWHS 493 496
 ORDET 214 224
 Sister 173 286
Age at blood donation, years, n (%)
 35–40 472 (26.8) 487 (25.8)
 41–45 708 (40.2) 752 (39.8)
 46–50a 582 (33.0) 651 (34.5)
Race/ethnicity, n (%)
 White 1587 (90.1) 1696 (89.7)
 Black/African American 76 (4.3) 73 (3.9)
 Other or missing 99 (5.6) 121 (6.4)
Age at diagnosis, years, n (%)
 35–45 287 (16.3)  
 46–50 579 (32.9)  
 51–55 436 (24.7)  
 56–60 235 (13.3)  
 61–65 141 (8.0)  
 > 65 84 (4.8)  
Lag time between blood donation and diagnosis, years, n (%)
 0–2 274 (15.6)  
 3–5 420 (23.8)  
 6–10 443 (25.1)  
 11–15 286 (16.2)  
 16–20 201 (11.4)  
 > 20 138 (7.8)  
Age at menarche, years, n (%)
 < 12 376 (21.3) 411 (21.7)
 12–13 976 (55.4) 1012 (53.5)
 ≥14 or missingb 410 (23.3) 467 (24.7)
Age at first live birth, years, n (%)
 < 20 or missingb 114 (6.5) 143 (7.6)
 20–24 457 (25.9) 521 (27.6)
 25–29c 473 (26.8) 511 (27.1)
 ≥ 30 304 (17.3) 307 (16.2)
 Nulliparous 414 (23.5) 408 (21.5)
Number of benign breast biopsies, n (%)
 0 or missingb 1339 (76.0) 1559 (82.5)
 ≥ 1 423 (24.0) 331 (17.5)
 0 1311 (74.4) 1415 (74.9)
 1d 382 (21.7) 412 (21.8)
 > 1d 69 (3.9) 63 (3.3)
BMI, kg/m2, n (%)
 < 25 1097 (59.9) 1124 (62.6)
 25–29 420 (24.8) 465 (24.0)
 ≥ 30 234 (15.4) 289 (13.4)
 Missing 11 12
AMH cohort-specific quartiles, n(%)
 Q1 365 (20.7) 480 (25.4)
 Q2 444 (25.1) 468 (24.8)
 Q3 453 (25.7) 468 (24.8)
 Q4 500 (28.4) 474 (25.1)
Testosterone cohort-specific quartiles, n (%)
 Q1 423 (24.0) 511 (27.0)
 Q2 414 (23.5) 464 (24.6)
 Q3 452 (25.7) 460 (24.3)
 Q4 473 (26.8) 455 (24.1)
BCRAT 5-year risk score (%), n (%)e
 < 0.6% 296 (16.8) 332 (17.6)
 0.6–0.99% 679 (38.5) 765 (40.5)
 1–1.66% 525 (29.8) 517 (27.3)
 1.67–1.99% 110 (6.2) 130 (6.9)
 2–2.99% 115 (6.5) 115 (6.1)
 ≥ 3% 37 (2.1) 31 (1.6)
 ER status, n (%)
 ER-positive 1139 (79.8)  
 ER-negative 289 (20.2)  
 Unknown 334  
  1. Note: Cases and controls were matched 1:1 for all cohorts except for Sister Study which matched 1:2
  2. aAll cases had age at blood donation ≤ 50, though for 24 sets, matched controls ages were ≤ 51.2 years at blood donation
  3. bTo be consistent with BCRAT, which imputes missing data to the lowest risk category, we imputed missing data as follows: age at menarche: ≥ 14 for 35 cases (1.5%) and 49 controls (1.9%); age at first live birth: < 20 for 5 cases (0.2%) and 7 (0.3%) controls; number of breast biopsies: 0 for 42 cases (1.8%) and 40 controls (1.6%)
  4. cAs done in BCRAT, nulliparous and women who were 25–29 at first birth were combined in all models
  5. dThe number of first-degree family members with breast cancer was coded as 0, 1, or > 1 affected relatives. For cohorts that collected family history as a no/yes variable, “yes” answers were assigned to the intermediate category (1 affected relative)
  6. eCalculated using the following variables: race, age at menarche, age at first live birth, number of breast biopsies, and number of first-degree family members with breast cancer, history of atypical hyperplasia was missing for all cohorts and set to “no.” Gail model 2 rates and parameters were used as described in [14]
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Breast Cancer Research

ISSN: 1465-542X

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