Fig. 4

Examples of mammograms with high ((a) and (b)) and low ((c) and (d)) values of \(\text {fPC}_{12}^{2}\). Original mammograms are shown next to their segmented regions 1 (dark blue) and 2 (light blue). Histograms of FH ₁₂ values at angles of 54°, 152°and 268°are included above each image with the value for the specific image marked as a vertical red line. A low \(\text {fPC}_{12}^{2}\) value, after adjustment for PD and other covariates, is associated with increased risk of breast cancer