Fig. 5

Verification of differential gene expression. Validation by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction of the following 13 differentially expressed genes identified in RNA-sequencing analysis: (a) Akt2, (b) Egr3, (c) Hes1, (d) Id4, (e) Jam3, (f) Pcdhga8, (g) Slc26a10, (h) Tbx2, (i) Igfbp6, (j) Oas3a, (k) p21, (l) Slfn1, and (m) Zbp1 (p < 0.05, a different from control diet [CON], b different from F1 high-fat (HF) diet, c different from F3 HF; p < 0.06, d marginally different from CON). We used fourth mammary glands obtained on postnatal day 100 from six CON and six HF offspring in F1 generation, as well as from six control and six HF offspring in F3 generation for the analysis. Mean ± SEM data are shown. Akt2 Serine/threonine kinase 2, CON Control diet, Egr3 Early growth response 3, Hes1 Hairy and enhancer of split-1, HF High fat, Id4 DNA-binding protein inhibitor ID-4, Igfbp6 Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6, Jam3 Junctional adhesion molecule 3, Oas3 2′-5′-Oligoadenylate synthetase 3, Pcdhga8 Protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 8, Slc26a10 Solute carrier family 26 member 10, Slfn1 Schlafen 1, Zbp1, Z-DNA binding protein 1