Skip to main content

Table 5 Geometric means (pmol/L) and 95% CIs of serum estrogens/estrogen metabolites by height in postmenopausal women in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study

From: Anthropometric measures and serum estrogen metabolism in postmenopausal women: the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study

 

Never and former menopausal hormone therapy users

Current menopausal hormone therapy users

 

Geometric means (95% CI)a

p-trendb

%Δc

p-diffd

Geometric means (95% CI)a

p-trendb

%Δc

p-diffd

 

<160 cm

160–164.9 cm

≥165 cm

   

<160 cm

160–164.9 cm

≥165 cm

   

Median, cm

155.9

162.4

167.9

   

156.5

162.5

168.7

   

n

333

310

313

   

289

269

319

   

Weighted n e

10,171

10,625

10,021

   

7764

7588

9800

   

Estrone

288 (240–345)

338 (285–402)

300 (241–373)

0.27

4.2

0.67

3256 (2420–4383)

2926 (2079–4117)

3019 (2215–4117)

0.77

−7.3

0.57

 Conjugated

220 (180–270)

267 (221–324)

233 (183–297)

0.25

5.9

0.61

2963 (2185–4018)

2735 (1920–3895)

2728 (1985–3750)

0.69

−7.9

0.55

 Unconjugated

58.6 (51.1–67.2)

62.6 (55.0–71.4)

57.7 (49.4–67.5)

0.69

−1.5

0.85

229 (181–289)

196 (152–253)

213 (167–271)

0.94

−7.0

0.51

Estradiol

53.3 (42.9–66.1)

61.2 (50.7–73.9)

51.6 (41.4–64.4)

0.51

−3.2

0.75

443 (327–600)

399 (288–555)

425 (313–578)

0.91

−4.1

0.75

 Conjugated

34.9 (27.6–44.1)

41.2 (33.9–50.1)

33.5 (26.6–42.1)

0.65

−4.0

0.69

370 (266–515)

335 (233–482)

346 (247–483)

0.64

−6.5

0.63

 Unconjugated

13.8 (11.0–17.2)

14.9 (12.0–18.6)

13.8 (10.7–17.8)

0.45

0.0

0.99

45.5 (35.5–58.3)

42.2 (32.2–55.3)

43.0 (33.3–55.7)

0.41

−5.5

0.64

2-Hydroxyestrone

64.9 (55.1–76.5)

69.5 (60.1–80.3)

62.8 (53.1–74.2)

0.98

−3.2

0.68

448 (358–560)

407 (315–527)

439 (347–556)

0.90

−2.0

0.86

2-Hydroxyestradiol

16.2 (13.7–19.1)

17.4 (15.1–20.0)

16.0 (13.5–18.8)

0.88

−1.2

0.86

103 (82.9–128)

96.9 (76.3–123)

105 (83.8–132)

0.82

1.9

0.87

2-Methoxyestrone

44.6 (39.0–50.9)

41.9 (37.1–47.2)

37.6 (32.6–43.3)

0.23

−15.7

0.02

269 (220–329)

227 (183–280)

264 (212–327)

0.75

−1.9

0.84

 Conjugated

33.2 (28.8–38.3)

30.3 (26.5–34.7)

27.0 (23.1–31.5)

0.14

−18.7

0.01

165 (133–207)

145 (114–183)

164 (129–208)

0.96

−0.6

0.91

 Unconjugated

10.2 (8.83–11.8)

10.7 (9.36–12.2)

9.92 (8.48–11.6)

0.82

−2.7

0.74

75.7 (56.4–102)

64.1 (47.8–85.9)

73.3 (53.9–99.6)

0.66

−3.2

0.82

2-Methoxyestradiol

13.7 (11.4–16.4)

13.0 (11.2–15.2)

12.3 (10.3–14.8)

0.66

−10.2

0.24

84.0 (65.4–108)

78.5 (60.2–102)

89.2 (68.5–116)

0.69

6.2

0.58

 Conjugated

11.1 (9.10–13.6)

10.4 (8.71–12.3)

9.72 (7.96–11.9)

0.61

−12.4

0.17

71.3 (54.3–93.5)

68.1 (51.0–91.0)

76.0 (57.0–101)

0.81

6.6

0.58

 Unconjugated

2.08 (1.76–2.45)

2.11 (1.81–2.45)

2.06 (1.75–2.43)

0.91

−1.0

0.91

9.31 (7.68–11.3)

7.48 (6.12–9.15)

8.96 (7.35–10.9)

0.62

−3.8

0.72

2-Hydroxyestrone-3-methyl ether

7.50 (6.55–8.58)

7.68 (6.75–8.73)

7.44 (6.45–8.58)

0.71

−0.8

0.92

41.4 (33.7–50.9)

36.8 (29.6–45.8)

43.1 (34.6–53.7)

0.46

4.1

0.69

4-Hydroxyestrone

7.99 (6.75–9.46)

8.46 (7.31–9.80)

7.55 (6.39–8.92)

0.90

−5.5

0.50

59.2 (47.3–74.1)

54.9 (42.2–71.4)

59.6 (47.0–75.5)

0.96

0.7

0.95

4-Methoxyestrone

4.59 (3.96–5.33)

4.24 (3.78–4.76)

3.90 (3.41–4.46)

0.21

−15.0

0.03

27.7 (23.0–33.4)

23.0 (18.5–28.6)

28.9 (23.5–35.6)

0.51

4.3

0.66

4-Methoxyestradiol

1.92 (1.60–2.30)

1.84 (1.59–2.13)

1.74 (1.47–2.04)

0.55

−9.4

0.22

11.3 (8.75–14.7)

10.2 (7.54–13.7)

12.4 (9.39–16.3)

0.63

9.7

0.46

16α-Hydroxyestrone

32.3 (27.1–38.4)

34.8 (29.9–40.5)

31.1 (26.1–37.1)

0.98

−3.7

0.67

241 (191–304)

214 (163–281)

233 (182–298)

0.74

−3.3

0.77

Estriol

135 (114–159)

148 (127–173)

135 (113–161)

0.51

0.0

1.00

1127 (880–1444)

1019 (751–1381)

1076 (828–1399)

0.51

−4.5

0.69

 Conjugated

104 (86.7–125)

119 (100–140)

105 (86.6–128)

0.50

1.0

0.90

973 (752–1261)

887 (643–1223)

928 (705–1222)

0.44

−4.6

0.71

 Unconjugated

27.4 (23.6–31.7)

26.5 (23.1–30.4)

25.6 (22.1–29.7)

0.81

−6.6

0.40

134 (108–166)

109 (83.7–141)

121 (96.7–152)

0.66

−9.7

0.30

16-Ketoestradiol

34.4 (28.9–41.0)

36.5 (31.3–42.7)

33.8 (28.3–40.5)

0.70

−1.7

0.85

279 (221–352)

252 (191–332)

265 (207–341)

0.60

−5.0

0.67

16-Epiestriol

14.5 (12.4–16.9)

16.4 (14.2–18.8)

14.8 (12.6–17.5)

0.47

2.1

0.78

83.0 (66.8–103)

77.1 (60.4–98.5)

82.5 (65.5–104)

1.00

−0.6

0.96

17-Epiestriol

11.9 (10.2–13.9)

13.7 (11.9–15.6)

12.9 (10.9–15.2)

0.30

8.4

0.30

56.4 (45.3–70.4)

49.7 (38.7–63.6)

54.9 (43.3–69.6)

0.90

−2.7

0.81

  1. aAdjusted for age at blood draw (<55, 55–59, 60–64, 65–69, 70–74, 75–79 years), blood draw year (1993–1996, 1997–1998), race (white, nonwhite), smoking status (never, former, current), time since menopause (<10 years, 10–19 years, ≥20 years, missing)
  2. b p-trend was estimated using the Wald test for continuous height (cm)
  3. c%Δ indicates the percentage change in estrogen/estrogen metabolite levels, comparing women with height ≥165 vs. <160 cm, and was estimated by taking the ratio of the geometric mean difference in estrogen/estrogen metabolite levels between women with height ≥165 vs. <160 cm to the geometric mean of women with height <160 cm, multiplied by 100
  4. d p-diff was estimated using the Wald test and indicates a p value for comparing estrogen/estrogen metabolite levels of women with height ≥165 vs. <160 cm
  5. eWeighted n reflects weighted counts and refers to the study cohort
  6. Note: All false discovery rate q values >0.05
  7. Italized p-values indicate nominal statistical significance at 0.05
Back to article page

Breast Cancer Research

ISSN: 1465-542X

Contact us