Table 2 Associations of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 expression with clinicopathological factors according to time of recurrence

Age, years

  ≤ 50

15 (44.12)

67 (44.67)

0.981

10 (55.56)

39 (33.62)

0.077

12 (44.44)

108 (36.73)

0.432

  > 50

19 (55.88)

83 (55.33)

8 (44.44)

77 (66.38)

15 (55.56)

Tumor size, mm

  ≤ 20

9 (26.47)

40 (26.67)

0.981

4 (22.22)

40 (34.48)

0.288

15 (55.56)

172 (58.50)

0.766

  > 20

25 (73.53)

110 (73.33)

14 (77.78)

76 (65.52)

12 (44.44)

Lymph node metastasis

 Negative

12 (35.29)

81 (54.00)

0.047

7 (38.89)

72 (62.07)

0.065

23 (85.19)

244 (82.99)

0.767

 Positive

22 (64.71)

69 (46.00)

11 (61.11)

44 (37.93)

4 (14.81)

50 (17.01)

Estrogen receptor staining

  < 10 %

3 (8.82)

13 (8.67)

0.559

2 (11.11)

8 (6.90)

0.335

3 (11.11)

24 (8.16)

0.831

 10–50 %

8 (23.53)

49 (32.67)

8 (44.44)

35 (30.17)

6 (22.22)

76 (25.85)

  ≥ 50 %

23 (67.65)

88 (58.67)

8 (44.44)

73 (62.93)

18 (66.67)

Progesterone receptor staining

  ≤ 20 %

14 (41.18)

71 (47.33)

0.514

7 (38.89)

52 (44.83)

0.635

13 (48.15)

120 (40.82)

0.461

  > 20 %

20 (58.82)

79 (52.67)

11 (61.11)

64 (55.17)

14 (51.85)

Histological grade

 1 or 2

25 (73.53)

106 (70.67)

0.736

11 (61.11)

95 (81.90)

0.058

25 (92.59)

253 (86.05)

0.305

 3

9 (26.47)

44 (29.33)

7 (38.89)

21 (18.10)

2 (7.41)

41 (13.95)

Ki-67 staining

  ≤ 20 %

17 (50.00)

119 (79.33)

<0.001

14 (77.78)

100 (86.21)

0.373

20 (74.07)

245 (83.33)

0.247

  > 20 %

17 (50.00)

31 (20.67)

4 (22.22)

16 (13.79)

7 (25.93)

49 (16.67)