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Table 4 Mean and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for absolute non-dense breast volume (cm3) at the DISC06 follow-up visit according to quartile of age-specific youth body mass index (BMI) Z-score

From: Body fatness during childhood and adolescence and breast density in young women: a prospective analysis

Quartile of age-specific youth BMI Z-score:

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

% change in non-dense breast volume per unit youth BMI Z-score

p value*

BMI at baseline visit (ages 8–10)

Model 1

252.8 (209.2, 305.5)

308.4 (242.4, 392.5)

462.7 (425.1, 503.7)

656.4 (573.4, 751.6)

47.7 %

<0.01

n = 182

Model 2

356.2 (294.2, 431.1)

328.2 (300.0, 359.0)

329.5 (282.9, 383.7)

285.2 (244.6, 332.5)

−8.6 %

0.04

 

Model 3

351.4 (291.1, 424.2)

325.9 (290.9, 351.3)

290.2 (243.5, 345.8)

290.2 (243.5, 345.8)

−8.6 %

<0.01

BMI at Year 3 visit (ages 11–13)

Model 1

217.8 (166.7, 284.6)

292.8 (226.3, 378.8)

531.7 (430.4, 656.9)

624.5 (581.7, 670.5)

60.0 %

<0.01

n = 170

Model 2

317.4 (244.5, 412.1)

322.6 (272.5, 381.9)

352.9 (321.8, 387.1)

299.5 (262.3, 341.9)

−3.0 %

0.64

 

Model 3

313.4 (241.2, 407.3)

310.2 (267.3, 360.1)

342.9 (313.0, 275.7)

311.0 (278.5, 347.3)

−1.0 %

0.80

BMI at Year 5 visit (ages 13–15)

Model 1

203.4 (173.5, 238.5)

214.7 (166.8, 276.5)

502.3 (424.2, 594.8)

772.1 (652.2, 913.9)

84.0 %

<0.01

n = 153

Model 2

318.0 (263.0, 384.5)

305.3 (247.2, 377.1)

365.7 (321.7, 415.8)

287.6 (242.6, 340.9)

−3.0 %

0.71

 

Model 3

310.2 (271.6, 354.3)

291.6 (247.0, 344.1)

356.3 (300.8, 421.9)

303.3 (267.9, 343.6)

0.8 %

0.85

BMI at last visit (ages 15–17)

Model 1

191.8 (154.8, 237.7)

243.4 (216.1, 274.2)

460.8 (386.1, 550.0)

753.4 (702.2, 808,3)

80.4 %

<0.01

n = 159

Model 2

328.4 (277.1, 389.3)

293.1 (261.7, 328.3)

329.1 (275.3, 393.5)

297.2 (270.4, 326.8)

−2.0 %

0.60

 

Model 3

326.5 (286.6, 372.1)

286.7 (257.0, 319.9)

317.0 (258.9, 388.2)

304.4 (279.2, 331.8)

0.1 %

0.98

  1. Model 1 Means estimated from linear mixed-effects models including clinic as a random effect and treatment group as a fixed effect
  2. Model 2 Means estimated from linear mixed-effects models including clinic as a random effect and adjusted for treatment group and current adult BMI as fixed effects
  3. Model 3 Means estimated from linear mixed-effects models including clinic as a random effect and adjusted treatment group, current adult BMI, number of live births, duration of hormone use, age at menarche, race, education, alcohol consumption, smoking status, family history of breast cancer, and log-dense area as fixed effects
  4. *Test for trend