Figure 7From: Granulocytic immune infiltrates are essential for the efficient formation of breast cancer liver metastases Neutrophils are recruited to early lesions and are maintained at the margin of liver metastases over time. Paraffin-embedded sections from liver metastases were collected at early (1.5 week) or late (3 weeks) time points following experimental metastasis assays and subjected to immunohistofluorescence staining with anti-S100a8 (red) or anti-neutrophil elastase (NE) (green) antibodies. The number of S100a8-positive cells (A) or NE-positive cells (B) per field was quantified. (C) Positivity of neutrophil staining (expressed as a percentage of S100a8 and NE double-positive cells over the total number of S100a8-positive cells) was quantified within each region of interest. While the number of s100a8- and NE-positive cells increased during tumor progression (s100a8 distal early vs. distal late, P <0.001; NE distal early vs. distal late, P = 0.021; s100a8 tumor early vs. tumor late, P <0.001; NE tumor early vs. tumor late, P <0.001), a decrease in the proportion of neutrophils comprising the s100a8+ infiltrate was routinely observed in the tumor or the distal region as tumor progressed (distal early vs. distal late, P = 0.019; tumor early vs. tumor late, P = 0.006). In contrast, no changes were observed in the margin of the lesions.Back to article page