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Table 3 Risk factors for arm lymphedema stratified by race/ethnicity

From: Risk factors for self-reported arm lymphedema among female breast cancer survivors: a prospective cohort study

   

Non-Hispanic white

Black

 

Hispanic white

 

Characteristics

Categories

N

LE (%)

HR (95% CI)a

N

LE (%)

HR (95% CI)a

N

LE (%)

HR (95% CI)a

Pfor interactionb

Age at diagnosis (years)

35-44

56

19 (33.9)

1.00

53

21 (39.6)

1.00

14

3 (21.4)

1.00

 

45-49

65

16 (24.6)

0.90 (0.45 - 1.77)

46

20 (43.5)

1.00 (0.53 - 1.92)

17

7 (41.2)

2.23 (0.50 - 10.07)

 

50-54

112

28 (25.0)

0.77 (0.42 - 1.40)

48

17 (35.4)

0.87 (0.44 - 1.72)

15

1 (6.7)

0.40 (0.04 - 4.30)

 

55-59

77

17 (22.1)

0.74 (0.38 - 1.44)

37

13 (35.1)

0.69 (0.33 - 1.44)

14

5 (35.7)

2.77 (0.56 - 13.77)

 

60-64

61

8 (13.1)

0.42 (0.17 - 1.00)

42

11 (26.2)

0.60 (0.26 - 1.34)

9

4 (44.4)

9.17 (1.43 - 58.94)

0.24

Surgery type

Partial/less than total mastectomy/

surgery, NOS

272

53 (19.5)

1.00

123

43 (35.0)

1.00

47

12 (25.5)

1.00

 

Total/modified radical mastectomy

99

35 (35.4)

1.58 (1.02 - 2.45)

103

39 (37.9)

1.15 (0.72 - 1.81)

22

8 (36.4)

2.16 (0.71 - 6.54)

0.39

Number of excised lymph nodes

0

88

3 (3.4)

0.10 (0.03 - 0.32)

41

5 (12.2)

0.41 (0.16 - 1.10)

14

1 (7.1)

0.09 (0.01 - 0.80)

 

1-9c

100

18 (18.0)

0.48 (0.28 - 0.82)

49

13 (26.5)

0.64 (0.35 - 1.18)

13

1 (7.7)

0.09 (0.01 - 0.70)

 

10+

183

67 (36.6)

1.00

136

64 (47.1)

1.00

42

18 (42.9)

1.00

0.48

Chemotherapy

No

250

43 (17.2)

1.00

124

27 (21.8)

1.00

39

13 (33.3)

1.00

 

Yes

121

45 (37.2)

1.25 (0.80 - 1.95)

102

55 (53.9)

2.69 (1.61 - 4.50)

30

7 (23.3)

0.69 (0.24 - 2.03)

0.01

Body mass index (kg/m2)

<25

192

42 (21.9)

1.00

89

23 (25.8)

1.00

25

5 (20.0)

1.00

 

25-29.9

114

26 (22.8)

1.05 (0.64 - 1.73)

76

32 (42.1)

1.58 (0.90 - 2.78)

30

9 (30.0)

2.25 (0.65 - 7.72)

 

30+

65

20 (30.8)

1.50 (0.86 - 2.61)

61

27 (44.3)

1.65 (0.91 - 2.98)

14

6 (42.9)

3.94 (0.99 - 15.75)

0.46

Hypertension

No

292

73 (25.0)

1.00

119

30 (25.2)

1.00

57

19 (33.3)

1.00

 

Yes

79

15 (19.0)

0.95 (0.52 - 1.74)

107

52 (48.6)

2.73 (1.65 - 4.53)

12

1 (8.3)

0.21 (0.02 - 2.00)

<0.001

  1. aRace/ethnicity-specific HR is adjusted for all of the other variables in this table. bP value for interaction between a characteristic and race/ethnicity is derived from a likelihood ratio test. c‘1 to 9’ category includes ‘at least one lymph node removed’. LE, lymphedema; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; NOS, not otherwise specified.