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Table 1 Efficacy of epi-drug monotherapy and combination therapies in breast cancer patients

From: Current and upcoming approaches to exploit the reversibility of epigenetic mutations in breast cancer

Epi-drug

Phase

Co-treatment

Number of patients

OR/CBR

Reference

Monotherapy

     

Azacitidine

I

None

11

7/NA

[42]

Azacitidine plus valproic acid

I

 

4

0/0

[43]

Decitabine

I

 

4

0/NA

[41]

Fazarabine

I

 

3

1/1a

[44]

 

II

 

14

0/0

[45]

Phenylbutyrate

I

 

5

0/NA

[46]

Vorinostat

II

 

14

0/3

[47]

 

II

 

3

0/0

[48]

 

II

 

26

1/1

[49]

 

Biomarker study

 

-

NA

[50]

Vorinostat plus Decitabine

I

 

3

0/0

[51]

Total

  

87

9 (10%)/NA

 

Combination therapies

     

Azacitidine

I

Erlotinib

1

0/1

[52]

Decitabine

I

Carboplatin

5

0/NA

[53]

Entinostat

II

Exemestane

64b

4/18

[54]

Valproic acid

II

5-Fluoruracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide

15

9/NA

[55]

 

I

Followed by epirubicine

10

3/7

[56]

Valproic acid plus hydralazine

II

Standard chemotherapy

3

0/0

[57]

 

I

Doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide

16

13/NA

[58]

Vorinostat

I

Doxorubicin

5

1/1

[59]

 

I-II

Paclitaxel plus bevacizumab

54

26/42

[60]

 

II

Tamoxifen

43

8/17

[35]

Total

  

216

64 (30%)/NA

 
  1. aClinical response. bAn additional 67 patients were randomized to exemestane plus placebo. CBR, objective response + stable disease >6 months); OR, objective response (partial + complete remission); NA, not available.