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Table 2 Effect of synthetic estrogens and progestins on mammary carcinogenesis

From: Prevention of mammary carcinogenesis by short-term estrogen and progestin treatments

Treatment

Duration

Mammary cancer incidence

Rats with mammary cancer (%)

Average number of cancers per rat

Control

3 weeks

9/12

75

1.5 ± 0.3

100 μg eE + 30 mg megesterol

3 weeks

3/13*

23

0.3 ± 0.2*

30 mg tamoxifen + 30 mg progesterone

3 weeks

7/12

58

0.9 ± 0.3

100 μg eE + 30 mg megesterol

1 week

5/13

38

0.4 ± 0.1*

100 μg eE + 30 mg norethindrone

1 week

3/12*

25

0.2 ± 0.1*

  1. Rats were treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea at 7 weeks of age. At 9 weeks of age, the rats were treated with hormones for 1 or 3 weeks. Control rats received empty silastic capsules. eE, 17α-ethynyl estradiol. *P < 0.05 compared with controls.