Effects of an exercise and hypocaloric healthy eating intervention on indices of psychological health status, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation and immune function after early-stage breast cancer: a randomised controlled trial

Table 3 Leukocyte counts and inflammatory cytokines at baseline and follow up

	Intervention group		Control group		P-value
	Baseline	Follow up	Baseline	Follow up	P-value
Leukocyte counts
Total leukocyte count (10³ cells/μl)	5.145 (1.417)	5.156 (1.337)	5.184 (1.237)	5.594 (1.370)	0.04
Neutrophil count (10³ cells/μl)	3.014 (1.119)	2.958 (1.135)	3.131 (0.912)	3.377 (1.061)	0.05
Monoctye count (10³ cells/μl)	0.400 (0.370, 0.430)	0.400 0.360, 0.440	0.400 (0.350, 0.450)	0.400 (0.350, 0.450)	0.63
Lymphocyte count (10³ cells/μl)	1.507 (0.414)	1.523 (0.389)	1.446 (0.497)	1.612 (0.449)	0.04
CD3⁺CD4⁺T cells (10³cells/μl)	0.748 (0.596, 0.900)	0.682 (0.605, 0.759)	0.659 (0.532, 0.786)	0.763 (0.648, 0.878)	0.02
CD3⁺CD8⁺ T cells (10³cells/μl)	0.474 (0.365, 0.583)	0.402 (0.334, 0.470)	0.360 (0.214, 0.506)	0.409 (0.322, 0.496)	0.05
CD4⁺:CD8⁺ ratio	1.62 (1.36, 1.88)	1.69 (1.40, 1.98)	1.93 (1.51, 2.35)	1.91 (1.49, 2.33)	0.87
NK cells (10³ cells/μl)	0.200 (0.175, 0.225)	0.206 (0.177, 0.235)	0.176 (0.147, 0.205)	0.174 (0.144, 0.292)	0.46
Inflammatory cytokines
IL-6 (ρg/mL)	1.599 (1.259, 1.906)	1.692 (1.377, 2.007)	1.755 (1.456, 2.054)	1.942 (1.602, 2.282)	0.93
TNF-α(ρg/mL)	0.889 (0.779, 0.999)	0.916 (0.767, 1.065)	1.058 (0.895, 1.221)	0.992 (0.870, 1.114)	0.61

Data are presented as means (SD) or medians (semi-interquartile range). P-value shown for between-group comparisons. P-values in boldface significant at alpha 0.05. NK, natural killer.

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