Alcohol and breast cancer risk among Asian-American women in Los Angeles County

Breast Cancer Research

Table 4 Lifetime alcohol intake (g/day) and breast cancer risk in Japanese Americans, stratified by smoking, intake of soy and folate, body mass index (BMI), and use of menopausal hormones (postmenopausal women)

Alcohol (g/day)	Cases/control	Adjusted OR^a (95% CI)	Cases/control	Adjusted OR^a (95% CI)	P _interaction
	Never smoked		Ever smoked
No	273/240	1.00	106/134	1.00
> 0 to ≤ 5.0	49/46	0.87 (0.52-1.43)	54/43	2.09 (1.16-3.77)
> 5	23/20	1.33 (0.65-2.73)	39/28	2.46 (1.26-4.80)
Per 5 g/day		1.06 (0.77-1.44)		1.64 (1.18-2.26)
P trend		0.73		0.003	0.017
	Low soy intake^b		High soy intake^b
No	126/105	1.00	253/269	1.00
> 0 to ≤ 5.0	31/23	1.39 (0.65-2.94)	72/66	1.18 (0.77-1.80)
> 5	19/11	1.01 (0.37-2.72)	43/37	1.49 (0.88-2.55)
Per 5 g/day		1.10 (0.70-1.71)		1.21 (0.95-1.55)
P trend		0.69		0.13	0.96
	≤ Median folate (≤ 190 mg/1,000 Kcal)^c		> Median folate (> 190 mg/1,000 Kcal)
No	179/168	1.00	200/206	1.00
> 0 to ≤ 5.0	54/49	1.07 (0.65-1.76)	49/40	1.49 (0.84-2.64)
> 5	28/29	0.92 (0.48-1.75)	34/19	2.31 (1.15-4.62)
Per 5 g/day		0.98 (0.73-1.32)		1.51 (1.10-2.08)
P trend		0.92		0.011	0.75
	≤ Median BMI (≤ 22.3 kg/m²)^d		> Median BMI (> 22.3 kg/m²)
No	155/172	1.00	224/202	1.00
> 0 to ≤ 5.0	51/46	1.08 (0.64-1.85)	52/43	1.82 (1.06-3.12)
> 5	36/22	2.36 (1.20-4.66)	26/26	0.99 (0.50-1.94)
Per 5 g/day		1.42 (1.04-1.93)		1.15 (0.84-1.56)
P trend		0.027		0.39	0.84
	Hormone therapy (HT) nonusers		HT users (former + current users)
No	121/108	1.00	136/115	1.00
> 0 to ≤ 5.0	31/17	1.97 (0.93-4.16)	24/11	2.28 (0.95-5.43)
> 5	18/9	2.83 (1.04-7.67)	19/11	1.63 (0.68-3.94)
Per 5 g/day		1.75 (1.11-2.76)		1.42 (0.93-2.15)
P trend		0.016		0.10	0.34

^aAdjusted for age, birthplace and residence years in the US among non-US born, education, interviewer, age at menarche, menopausal status, age at menopause, current BMI, parity, total calorie, family history of breast cancer and physical activity, intake of soy, and green tea. ^bLow soy intake is defined as low intake during both adolescence and adult life or low intake during adolescence and high soy intake during adult life; high soy intake is defined as high soy intake during both adolescence and adult life or high intake during adolescence and low intake during adult life. ^c OSimilar patterns of results by tertiles of folate were found: ORs per 5 g/day of alcohol by tertiles of folate intake (≤ 170 mg/1,000 Kcal, > 170 to ≤ 220, > 220 mg/1,000 Kcal) were 1.09 (P trend = 0.65), 1.27 (P trend = 0.20), and 1.52 (P trend = 0.054), respectively. ^dSimilar patterns of results by tertiles of BMI were found: ORs per 5 g/day of alcohol intake by tertiles of BMI (≤ 21.5, > 21.5 to ≤ 24, > 24 kg/m²) were 1.34 (P trend = 0.09), 1.40 (P trend = 0.12), and 0.89 (P trend = 0.56), respectively.

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