Table 3 Hormone changes during weight maintenance phase, stratified by changes in weight criteria

Weight gain >3% ( n = 141)

Weight (kg)^a

82.2 (13.8)

87.6 (14.77)

5.4

<0.0001

Hormone

   Estrone (pg/ml)

35.6 (1.6)

34.8 (1.5)

-2.2

0.50

   Estradiol (pg/ml)

8.4 (0.4)

8.8 (0.4)

4.2

0.20

   Testosterone (ng/dl)

21.5 (1.1)

22.1 (1.1)

2.7

0.36

   Androstenedione (pg/ml)

417 (17.1)

406 (18.1)

-2.9

0.34

   Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (µg/dl)

48.6 (2.8)

47.6 (2.9)

-2.0

0.34

   Sex hormone binding globulin (nmol/l)

38.2 (1.3)

32.6 (1.1)

-14.5

<0.0001

   Free estradiol (pg/ml)

0.22 (0.01)

0.24 (0.01)

9.0

0.006

   Free testosterone (pg/ml)

4.5 (0.2)

4.9 (0.3)

10.4

0.0007

Weight maintainers, ≤3% weight gain ( n = 68)

Weight (kg)^a

82.6 (15.2)

84.0 (15.5)

1.4

<0.0001

Hormone

   Estrone (pg/ml)

37.2 (1.9)

35.3 (1.9)

-5.2

0.17

   Estradiol (pg/ml)

9.4 (0.7)

9.2 (0.6)

-2.3

0.55

   Testosterone (ng/dl)

27.1 (1.9)

26.4 (1.7)

-2.6

0.59

   Androstenedione (pg/ml)

473 (22.0)

475 (22.2)

0.4

0.92

   Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (µg/dl)

50.1 (3.6)

47.3 (3.4)

-5.6

0.16

   Sex hormone binding globulin (nmol/l)

39.1 (2.1)

37.0 (1.9)

-5.3

0.01

   Free estradiol (pg/ml)

0.25 (0.02)

0.25 (0.02)

-1.1

0.78

   Free testosterone (pg/ml)

5.6 (0.4)

5.6 (0.4)

-0.2

0.97

Continued weight loss ( n = 69)

Weight (kg)^a

78.5 (14.6)

75.2 (14.0)

-3.4

<0.0001

Hormone

   Estrone (pg/ml)

37.0 (2.0)

31.4 (1.9)

-15.2

0.0003

   Estradiol (pg/ml)

8.3 (0.6)

8.0 (0.7)

-3.8

0.60

   Testosterone (ng/dl)

25.7 (1.6)

26.2(1.8)

2.1

0.55

   Androstenedione (pg/ml)

434 (25.6)

472 (28.7)

8.8

0.02

   Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (µg/dl)

44.4 (3.0)

44.4 (3.6)

-0.02

1.00

   Sex hormone binding globulin (nmol/l)

47.4 (2.9)

48.3 (2.9)

1.9

0.48

   Free estradiol (pg/ml)

0.21 (0.02)

0.2 (0.02)

-1.5

0.84

   Free testosterone (pg/ml)

4.7 (0.3)

4.8 (0.3)

1.2

0.70