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Table 2 Hormone change during weight loss and maintenance among postmenopausal women not taking hormones

From: Sex hormone changes during weight loss and maintenance in overweight and obese postmenopausal African-American and non-African-American women

 

Months since study entry

Effect of weight on hormones

 

Study entry

End of weight loss phase

Weight loss maintenance

Weight loss, entry vs. 6 months

Weight maintenance, 6 months vs. 18 months

 

Initial

6 months

18 months

% Δ

P value

% Δ

P value

Weight (kg)a

89.1 (14.8)

81.4 (14.4)

83.6 (15.6)

-7.7

<0.0001

2.2

<0.0001

Hormone

       

   Estrone (pg/ml)

38.1 (1.1)

35.9 (1.0)

33.6 (1.0)

-5.7

0.006

-6.4

0.003

   Estradiol (pg/ml)

9.4 (0.3)

8.4 (0.3)

8.5 (0.3)

-9.9

<0.0001

0.5

0.85

   Testosterone (ng/ml)

24.6 (0.9)

23.7 (0.8)

24.0 (0.8)

-3.5

0.13

1.1

0.62

   Androstenedione (pg/ml)

437 (12.1)

434 (11.9)

438 (12.9)

-0.5

0.76

0.8

0.68

   Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (µg/dl)

47.0 (1.8)

47.8 (1.8)

46.6 (1.9)

1.7

0.31

-2.5

0.18

   Sex hormone binding globulin (nmol/l)

35 (1.0)

40 (1.0)

37 (1.0)

16.2

<0.0001

-8.0

<0.0001

   Free estradiol (pg/ml)

0.26 (0.01)

0.22 (0.01)

0.23 (0.01)

-13.4

<0.0001

3.7

0.18

   Free testosterone (pg/ml)

5.3 (0.2)

4.8 (0.2)

5.1 (0.2)

-9.9

<0.0001

5.0

0.02

  1. n = 278. Generalized estimating equations models used to estimate the mean (standard error) and percentage change (% Δ) in hormone concentrations over each study phase adjusted for age, physical activity, phase, initial body mass index (kg/m2), and race. aRow represents the mean (standard deviation) for weight at the start of each phase, average weight change between each phase and overall.