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Table 1 Overview of endocrine therapeutics and their mechanisms of action

From: The interaction between ER and NFκB in resistance to endocrine therapy

Endocrine therapeutic

Mechanism

Examples

Selective estrogen receptor modulator

Competitive inhibitor of estrogen receptor; antagonistic and agonistic effects

Tamoxifen, raloxifen, toremifine, droloxifene, idoxifene, arzoxifene, LY117018

Selective estrogen receptor downregulator

Competitive inhibitor of estrogen receptor; promotes degradation of estrogen receptor

ICI182780, ICI164384, RU58668

Aromatase inhibitor

Inhibitor of estrogen synthesis

Letrozole, anastrozole, exemestan