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Figure 1 | Breast Cancer Research

Figure 1

From: Hypoxia and oxidative stress in breast cancer Hypoxia and tumourigenesis

Figure 1

Hypoxic regulation of pathways promoting tumour growth. The transcriptional level response to hypoxia is amplified by positive feedback mechanisms and substantial crosstalk between the interconnecting pathways, thus providing a strong, co-ordinated response promoting tumourigenesis and malignant progression. EC,endothelial cell; MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein 1; PBMC,peripheral blood mononuclear cell; TAM, tumour-associated macrophage; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.

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