Minimal residual disease and circulating tumor cells in breast cancer

Breast Cancer Research

Table 1 Technologies for circulating tumor cell detection in breast cancer

System	Enrichment	Detection	FDA approval	Reference
CellSearch^®	EpCAM-coated ferrofluids	CK8, 18, 19+/DAPI+/CD45-	Yes^a	[10–12]
CTC-chip^®	Microfluidics. EpCAM-coated microposts	CK+/CD45-/DAPI+	No	[29, 34]
The CTChip^®	Microfluidics. Enrichment based on physical properties	CK+	No	[31]
Magsweeper^®	EpCAM+ enrichment	Gene expression profiling	No	[6]
EPISPOT assay^®	Depletion of CD45+ cells	CK19, MUC1	No	[35]
MAINTRAC^®	RBC lysis	EpCAM+/CD45-	No	[16]
Ariol^®	RBC lysis, CK+, EpCAM+ enrichment	CK8, 18, 19+/DAPI+/CD45-	No	[19]
Fiber-optic array scanning technology (FAST)	No	CK+	No	[20]
Collagen adhesion matrix (CAM) assay	Invasion and digestion of cell adhesion	EpCAM+, panCK+/CD45-	No	[36]
AdnaTest^®	MUC1+ and EpCAM+ enrichment	HER2, MUC1 and EpCAM	No	[28]
Single gene or multi-marker RT-PCR assays	Ficoll or EpCAM+ enrichment or depletion of CD45+ cells	CK19, MGB1, HER2, MUC1 mRNA	No	[22–27]
Multiparameter flow cytometry	Ficoll enrichment	EpCAM+/CK8, 18, 19+/CD45-	No	[15]

CK, cytokeratin; EpCAM, epithelial cell adhesion molecule; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; HER, human epidermal growth factor receptor; MGB1, mammaglobin-A; MUC1, mucin 1; RBC, red blood cell. ^aApproval as an aid in monitoring patients with metastatic breast, colorectal and prostate cance

ISSN: 1465-542X